Abstract
This paper presents the finding of pollination effects of honeybees (Apis cerana) on productivity outcomes of the three crops of the Himalayan agro-ecosystem: mustard (Brassica campestris), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and plum (Prunus domestica). We used pollination exclusion on flowers of target crops to assess the contribution of pollinators on crop yield. The effect of pollination on various yield parameters under different treatments viz. Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehives and Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion) were quantified. The CP treatment negatively impacted crop yield variables in all the target crops contrary to the OP, where yield variables were significantly higher in all the target crops. Total yield of mustard increased by 27% (179 vs. 227 kg/ha), buckwheat by 73% (309 vs. 1141 kg/ha) and plum by 64% (0.92 vs. 2.52 kg fruits /branch) in OP than the CP. This is mainly due to higher pollinator density in the OP and supplementation of A. cerana beehive. The maximum pollinator species diversity was recorded in buckwheat (16 spp.) followed by mustard (15 spp.) and plum (13 spp.). In all the target crops, honeybee (A. cerana) emerged as the most abundant visitor, with mean density of24.38±0.92 in mustard, 18.56±2.00 in buckwheat and 39.45±1.45 in plum. The findings indicate that pollinators, especially honeybees can be suitably integrated with agro-ecosystems of this region for effective pollination management and to maximize the crop yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Open pollination increased mustard total yield by 27% relative to pollinator exclusion.
- Taxon
- mustarde0
- Treatment
- Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehivese1
- Interactor
- Apis cerana
Apis ceranae2pollinator - Outcome
- Total yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27%e0
- Qualifier
- 179 vs. 227 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total yield of mustard increased by 27% (179 vs. 227 kg/ha), buckwheat by 73% (309 vs. 1141 kg/ha) and plum by 64% (0.92 vs. 2.52 kg fruits /branch) in OP than the CP.”
e1“Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehives and Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)”
e2“honeybees (Apis cerana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Open pollination increased buckwheat total yield by the reported 73% relative to pollinator exclusion.
- Taxon
- buckwheate0
- Treatment
- Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehivese1
- Interactor
- Apis ceranaApis ceranae2pollinator
- Outcome
- Total yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 73%e0
- Qualifier
- 309 vs. 1141 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total yield of mustard increased by 27% (179 vs. 227 kg/ha), buckwheat by 73% (309 vs. 1141 kg/ha) and plum by 64% (0.92 vs. 2.52 kg fruits /branch) in OP than the CP.”
e1“Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehives and Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)”
e2“honeybees (Apis cerana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Open pollination increased plum total yield by the reported 64% relative to pollinator exclusion.
- Taxon
- plum
Prunus domesticae0 - Treatment
- Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehivese1
- Interactor
- Apis ceranaApis ceranae2pollinator
- Outcome
- Total yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 64%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.92 vs. 2.52 kg fruits /branche0
- Comparator
- Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total yield of mustard increased by 27% (179 vs. 227 kg/ha), buckwheat by 73% (309 vs. 1141 kg/ha) and plum by 64% (0.92 vs. 2.52 kg fruits /branch) in OP than the CP.”
e1“Open pollination (OP) with supplementation of beehives and Control pollination (CP, pollinator exclusion)”
e2“honeybees (Apis cerana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute higher crop yield to higher pollinator density and A. cerana beehive supplementation.
- Taxon
- mustarde1
- Treatment
- supplementation of A. cerana beehivee0
- Interactor
- A. ceranaApis ceranae0pollinator
- Outcome
- yield variablese2
- Qualifier
- higher pollinator density in the OPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This is mainly due to higher pollinator density in the OP and supplementation of A. cerana beehive.”
e1“mustard (Brassica campestris), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and plum (Prunus domestica)”
e2“yield variables were significantly higher in all the target crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat had the maximum pollinator species diversity, 16 species.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum pollinator species diversity was recorded in buckwheat (16 spp.) followed by mustard (15 spp.) and plum (13 spp.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mustard had 15 pollinator species.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The maximum pollinator species diversity was recorded in buckwheat (16 spp.) followed by mustard (15 spp.) and plum (13 spp.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Plum had 13 pollinator species.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0
- Outcome
- pollinator species diversitye0
- Value
- 13 spp.e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum pollinator species diversity was recorded in buckwheat (16 spp.) followed by mustard (15 spp.) and plum (13 spp.).”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cerana was the most abundant mustard visitor with mean density 24.38±0.92.
- Taxon
- A. ceranaApis ceranae0
- Interactor
- mustarde0other
- Outcome
- mean densitye0
- Direction
- most abundante0
- Value
- 24.38±0.92e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the target crops, honeybee (A. cerana) emerged as the most abundant visitor, with mean density of24.38±0.92 in mustard, 18.56±2.00 in buckwheat and 39.45±1.45 in plum.”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cerana was the most abundant buckwheat visitor with mean density 18.56±2.00.
- Taxon
- A. ceranaApis ceranae0
- Interactor
- buckwheate0other
- Outcome
- mean densitye0
- Direction
- most abundante0
- Value
- 18.56±2.00e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the target crops, honeybee (A. cerana) emerged as the most abundant visitor, with mean density of24.38±0.92 in mustard, 18.56±2.00 in buckwheat and 39.45±1.45 in plum.”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cerana was the most abundant plum visitor with mean density 39.45±1.45.
- Taxon
- A. ceranaApis ceranae0
- Interactor
- plumPrunus domesticae0other
- Outcome
- mean densitye0
- Direction
- most abundante0
- Value
- 39.45±1.45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the target crops, honeybee (A. cerana) emerged as the most abundant visitor, with mean density of24.38±0.92 in mustard, 18.56±2.00 in buckwheat and 39.45±1.45 in plum.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrating honeybees into regional agro-ecosystems to manage pollination and maximize yield.
- Taxon
- mustarde1
- Interactor
- honeybees
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Apis melliferae0pollinator - Outcome
- effective pollination management and to maximize the crop yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The findings indicate that pollinators, especially honeybees can be suitably integrated with agro-ecosystems of this region for effective pollination management and to maximize the crop yield.”
e1“mustard (Brassica campestris), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and plum (Prunus domestica)”
The same questions in other papers
pollination · Apis cerana · Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.