Abstract
BACKGROUND: Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda is a perennial weed and currently identified as a new dominant weed species in rice fields in many countries, including China. Here, we studied the biological characteristics combined with nonchemical management of L. japonica to develop a proper control strategy of this weed. RESULTS: The results showed that 33/28 °C in a 12 h:12 h, light:dark photoperiod were the most suitable growth conditions for seedling regeneration. Salt (NaCl) inhibits the regeneration of seedlings totally at a concentration of 51.3 mm. Seedlings of L. japonica could regenerate in a wide range of pH environments (from 3.50 to 9.50), endowing L. japonica with strong pH adaptability. Osmotic stress also inhibits the regeneration of seedlings totally at -0.13 MPa. A long dehydration time inhibits the regeneration of seedlings; no seedlings could be regenerated for 15 h. With low soil moisture content (33.3% and 50%), the regeneration rate and aboveground fresh weight (FW) were significantly lower than these with high soil moisture content (66.7% and 100%). Stem segments buried in the surface (0 cm) of soil could produce seedlings with the highest regeneration rate (37.5%) and seedling aboveground FW (0.64 g). As the soil depth increased, the regeneration rate and aboveground FW decreased significantly and no seedlings could be regenerated beyond 6.9 cm. CONCLUSION: Based on these biological characteristics of L. japonica, creating an environment that is not conducive to regeneration combined with an appropriated tillage system could effectively reduce its occurrence. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling regeneration was most favorable at 33/28 °C with a 12 h:12 h light:dark cycle.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda
Leersia japonicat0 - Outcome
- seedling regeneratione0
- Direction
- most suitablee0
- Value
- 33/28 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33/28 °C in a 12 h:12 h, light:dark photoperiod were the most suitable growth conditions for seedling regeneration”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl fully inhibited seedling regeneration at 51.3 mm.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- Salt (NaCl)e0
- Outcome
- regeneration of seedlingse0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Value
- 51.3 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt (NaCl) inhibits the regeneration of seedlings totally at a concentration of 51.3 mm”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings regenerated from pH 3.50 to 9.50.
- Taxon
- L. japonicaLeersia japonicae0
- Outcome
- regeneratee0
- Value
- from 3.50 to 9.50e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings of L. japonica could regenerate in a wide range of pH environments (from 3.50 to 9.50)”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress fully inhibited seedling regeneration at -0.13 MPa.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- Osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- regeneration of seedlingse0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Value
- -0.13 MPae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic stress also inhibits the regeneration of seedlings totally at -0.13 MPa”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
No seedlings regenerated after 15 h of dehydration.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- dehydratione0
- Outcome
- regeneration of seedlingse0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Value
- 15 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A long dehydration time inhibits the regeneration of seedlings; no seedlings could be regenerated for 15 h”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Low soil moisture significantly lowered regeneration rate.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- low soil moisture content (33.3% and 50%)e0
- Outcome
- regeneration ratee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- high soil moisture content (66.7% and 100%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With low soil moisture content (33.3% and 50%), the regeneration rate and aboveground fresh weight (FW) were significantly lower than these with high soil moisture content (66.7% and 100%)”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Low soil moisture significantly lowered aboveground fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- low soil moisture content (33.3% and 50%)e0
- Outcome
- aboveground fresh weight (FW)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- high soil moisture content (66.7% and 100%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With low soil moisture content (33.3% and 50%), the regeneration rate and aboveground fresh weight (FW) were significantly lower than these with high soil moisture content (66.7% and 100%)”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-buried stem segments gave the highest regeneration rate, 37.5%.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- surface (0 cm)e0
- Outcome
- regeneration ratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 37.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem segments buried in the surface (0 cm) of soil could produce seedlings with the highest regeneration rate (37.5%) and seedling aboveground FW (0.64 g)”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-buried stem segments gave seedling aboveground fresh weight of 0.64 g.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Outcome
- seedling aboveground FWe0
- Value
- 0.64 ge0
- Qualifier
- surface (0 cm)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem segments buried in the surface (0 cm) of soil could produce seedlings with the highest regeneration rate (37.5%) and seedling aboveground FW (0.64 g)”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater burial depth significantly reduced regeneration rate and prevented regeneration beyond 6.9 cm.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- soil depthe0
- Outcome
- regeneration ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 6.9 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the soil depth increased, the regeneration rate and aboveground FW decreased significantly and no seedlings could be regenerated beyond 6.9 cm”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater burial depth significantly reduced aboveground fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- soil depthe0
- Outcome
- aboveground FWe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the soil depth increased, the regeneration rate and aboveground FW decreased significantly”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend unfavorable regeneration conditions and suitable tillage to reduce weed occurrence.
- Taxon
- Leersia japonica (Makino) HondaLeersia japonicat0
- Treatment
- an appropriated tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- reduce its occurrencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“creating an environment that is not conducive to regeneration combined with an appropriated tillage system could effectively reduce its occurrence”
t0“Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda”