Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of various weed management strategies on weed growth, crop yield, and economic returns. The results showed that hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) followed by Topramezone application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5) was the most effective treatment in reducing weed density, dry matter accumulation, and growth rate, resulting in maximum weed control efficiency and index. In contrast, the unweeded control (T15) had the highest weed index. The economic analysis revealed that hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T14) followed by Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9) generated the highest gross returns, while Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9) resulted in the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio. However, the high cost of cultivation due to frequent weeding in the hand-weeding plot (T14) reduced its net return and benefit-cost ratio.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding twice followed by Topramezone at the 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5) reduced weed density, dry matter accumulation and growth rate most effectively.
- Treatment
- hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) followed by Topramezone application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5)e0
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- weed density, dry matter accumulation, and growth ratee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
LathyrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e0“hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) followed by Topramezone application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5)”
e1“was the most effective treatment in reducing weed density, dry matter accumulation, and growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
The T5 treatment (hand weeding plus Topramezone) gave maximum weed control efficiency and weed control index.
- Treatment
- hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) followed by Topramezone application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5)e0
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency and indexe2
- Direction
- maximume2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e0“hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) followed by Topramezone application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5)”
e2“resulting in maximum weed control efficiency and index”
Claim · model-written summary
The unweeded control (T15) had the highest weed index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e3“the unweeded control (T15) had the highest weed index”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding twice followed by Metribuzin (T14 and T9 regimen) generated the highest gross returns.
- Treatment
- hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T14) followed by Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9)e4
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- gross returnse4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e4“hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T14) followed by Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9) generated the highest gross returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9) gave the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio.
- Treatment
- Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9)e5
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- net return and benefit-cost ratioe5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e5“Metribuzin application at 0-3 DAS and 5-6 leaf stage of weeds (T9) resulted in the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
The high cost of frequent weeding in the hand-weeding plot (T14) reduced its net return and benefit-cost ratio.
- Treatment
- frequent weeding in the hand-weeding plot (T14)e6
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- net return and benefit-cost ratioe6
- Direction
- reducede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Comparative study on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of herbicides in controlling weeds in Lathyrus”
e6“the high cost of cultivation due to frequent weeding in the hand-weeding plot (T14) reduced its net return and benefit-cost ratio”
The same questions in other papers
metribuzin · yield · LathyrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
herbicide · yield · LathyrusPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
herbicide · weed · LathyrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.