Abstract
Olive oil production generates substantial quantities of pomace, which are often disposed of in soil, leading to adverse effects on agriculture and the environment. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates plant diseases and promotes the use of toxic phytochemicals in agriculture. However, olive mill wastes can have high potential as reusable and valuable bioresources. Using diluted ethanol, an environmentally friendly solvent, we extracted a fraction containing short and long oligogalacturonides, short arabino-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The obtained extract elicited key features of plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis seedlings, including the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 and the upregulation of defence genes such as CYP81F2 , WRKY33 , WRKY53 , and FRK1 . Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae . Our results highlight the opportunity to upcycle the two-phase olive pomace collected at the late stage of olive oil campaign, in low-cost and sustainable glycan elicitors, contributing to reducing the use of chemically synthesized pesticides. • Oligogalacturonides and arabino-oligosaccharides were extracted from olive pomace. • The extract triggers MAPK phosphorylation and induces defense genes in Arabidopsis. • Pretreatment with the extract primes Arabidopsis immunity to Botrytis and Pseudomonas. • Application of the extract on tomato enhances resistance to Pseudomonas. • Pomace collected in late milling stages is ideal for valorisation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The extract induced phosphorylation of MPK3 and MPK6 in Arabidopsis seedlings.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- extracte0
- Gene
- MPK3 and MPK6e0
- Outcome
- phosphorylatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The obtained extract elicited key features of plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis seedlings, including the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 and the upregulation of defence genes such as CYP81F2 , WRKY33 , WRKY53 , and FRK1 .”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract upregulated CYP81F2, WRKY33, WRKY53 and FRK1 in Arabidopsis seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- extracte0
- Gene
- CYP81F2 , WRKY33 , WRKY53 , and FRK1e0
- Outcome
- upregulation of defence genese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The obtained extract elicited key features of plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis seedlings, including the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 and the upregulation of defence genes such as CYP81F2 , WRKY33 , WRKY53 , and FRK1 .”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract primed defence responses in adult Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Organ / stage
- adulte0
- Treatment
- pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extracte0
- Outcome
- defence responsese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae .”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract primed defence responses in adult tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- adulte0
- Treatment
- pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extracte0
- Outcome
- defence responsese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae .”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract enhanced Arabidopsis resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extracte0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae .”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract enhanced Arabidopsis resistance to Pseudomonas syringae.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extracte0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee0pathogen - Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae .”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract enhanced tomato resistance to Pseudomonas syringae.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extracte0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringaePseudomonas syringaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, pretreatment of adult Arabidopsis and tomato plants with the olive pomace extract primed defence responses and enhanced their resistance to the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae .”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.