Abstract
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are essential for providing nitrogen (N) to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) plants, often resulting in a reduced or eliminated requirement for N-fertilizer. The application of these microorganisms can enhance N fixation and maximize soybean yield. Soybean is attaining significant attention in southeastern Anatolia as a second crop; however, the interactive effects of N-fixing bacteria and N doses on its yield are still unknown. This study investigated the effects of N application and seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteria on yield and quality attributes of soybean grown as a second crop during 2021 and 2022. Seed inoculation (bacteria-inoculated or non-inoculated) were the main plots, whereas N doses [0 (N0), 40 (N1), 80 (N2), 120 (N3), 160 (N4), 200 (N5), 240 (N6), and 280 (N7) kg ha-1 were sub plots. Bacteria inoculation and N doses significantly (p≤0.01) altered the number of pods per plant, plant height, thousand seed weight, grain yield, protein ratio, and oil ratio. The highest (3645 kg ha-1) and the lowest (3072 kg ha-1) grain yield was recorded for bacteria-inoculated and non-inoculated seeds, respectively. Similarly, N7 (3628 kg ha-1) and N0 (2791 kg ha-1) produced the highest and the lowest grain yield, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that 144 kg ha-1 pure N should be applied for the cultivation of the second crop soybean under the climatic conditions of Şanlıurfa, Türkiye, and seeds should be inoculated with B. japonicum for better yield and economic returns.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria inoculation and N doses significantly altered pods per plant, plant height and thousand seed weight of soybean.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Bacteria inoculatione1
- Outcome
- number of pods per plant, plant height, thousand seed weighte1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Quality Traits of Soybean”
e1“Bacteria inoculation and N doses significantly (p≤0.01) altered the number of pods per plant, plant height, thousand seed weight, grain yield, protein ratio, and oil ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria inoculation and N doses significantly altered grain yield, protein ratio and oil ratio of soybean.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Bacteria inoculatione1
- Outcome
- grain yield, protein ratio, and oil ratioe1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Quality Traits of Soybean”
e1“Bacteria inoculation and N doses significantly (p≤0.01) altered the number of pods per plant, plant height, thousand seed weight, grain yield, protein ratio, and oil ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria-inoculated soybean seed gave the highest grain yield, 3645 kg ha-1, compared with non-inoculated seed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- bacteria-inoculatede2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 3645 kg ha-1e2
- Qualifier
- 3072 kg ha-1e2
- Comparator
- non-inoculatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Quality Traits of Soybean”
e2“The highest (3645 kg ha-1) and the lowest (3072 kg ha-1) grain yield was recorded for bacteria-inoculated and non-inoculated seeds, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The N7 dose (280 kg ha-1 N) gave the highest soybean grain yield, 3628 kg ha-1, compared with N0 at 2791 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- N7e3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 3628 kg ha-1e3
- Qualifier
- 2791 kg ha-1e3
- Comparator
- N0e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Quality Traits of Soybean”
e3“Similarly, N7 (3628 kg ha-1) and N0 (2791 kg ha-1) produced the highest and the lowest grain yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 144 kg ha-1 of pure N for second-crop soybean under the climatic conditions of Şanlıurfa, Türkiye.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe4
- Outcome
- pure N should be appliede4
- Value
- 144 kg ha-1e4
- Qualifier
- under the climatic conditionse4
- Setting
- Şanlıurfa, Türkiyee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“144 kg ha-1 pure N should be applied for the cultivation of the second crop soybean under the climatic conditions of Şanlıurfa, Türkiye”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend seed inoculation with B. japonicum for better soybean yield and economic returns.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculated with B. japonicume5
- Interactor
- B. japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicume5symbiont - Outcome
- better yield and economic returnse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Quality Traits of Soybean”
e5“seeds should be inoculated with B. japonicum for better yield and economic returns”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
490 papers in the same direction as this paper · 63 in the opposite direction · 12 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
562 papers more in this group
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