Abstract
Abstract Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a serious soilborne phytopathogen affecting over 310 plant species. R . pseudosolanacearum is one clade of RSSC, which infects the important oil crop peanut. A variety of virulence factors are employed by RSSC to promote disease, among which type III effectors (T3Es) are prominent. How T3Es manipulate the interaction between R . pseudosolanacearum and peanut is unclear. A T3E RipBB was previously found specifically in a more virulent peanut R . pseudosolanacearum PeaFJ1 strain. In the present study, the function of RipBB was analysed. Loss of RipBB from PeaFJ1 strain resulted in attenuated pathogenicity to peanut, and complementation with RipBB recovered the virulence of the mutant strain. Transient expression of RipBB induced cell death and inhibited flg22‐triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana . The expression of pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI)‐related genes were also suppressed by RipBB transient expression. Among the available sequenced 639 RSSC strains, RipBB is an infrequent T3E that is only present in eight strains. Two ankyrin (ANK) repeats were identified in RipBB, which play an important role in localizing the protein to the cytomembrane and nucleus. Altogether, we verified that RipBB contributes to infecting peanut by acting as a virulence T3E, and causes cell death and suppresses immunity in N . benthamiana . These results enhance the study of ANK‐containing effectors. Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying RipBB effect on immunity may reveal ANK‐containing effector functions in host cells, helping to understanding the mechanism of R . pseudosolanacearum– peanut interaction.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of RipBB from the PeaFJ1 strain attenuated pathogenicity to peanut.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- Loss of RipBBe1
- Interactor
- PeaFJ1e1pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenicitye1
- Direction
- attenuatede1
- Comparator
- PeaFJ1 straine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“contributes to virulence on peanut”
e1“Loss of RipBB from PeaFJ1 strain resulted in attenuated pathogenicity to peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Complementation with RipBB recovered the virulence of the mutant strain.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- complementation with RipBBe7
- Outcome
- virulencee7
- Direction
- recoverede7
- Comparator
- mutant straine7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“contributes to virulence on peanut”
e7“complementation with RipBB recovered the virulence of the mutant strain”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of RipBB induced cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae2 - Treatment
- Transient expression of RipBBe2
- Outcome
- cell deathe2
- Direction
- inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transient expression of RipBB induced cell death and inhibited flg22‐triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of RipBB inhibited the flg22-triggered reactive oxygen species burst in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- Transient expression of RipBBe2
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) burste2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transient expression of RipBB induced cell death and inhibited flg22‐triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of RipBB suppressed the expression of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)-related genes in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- RipBB transient expressione3
- Outcome
- expression of pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI)‐related genese3
- Direction
- suppressede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana”
e3“The expression of pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI)‐related genes were also suppressed by RipBB transient expression”
Claim · model-written summary
RipBB is an infrequent type III effector, present in only eight of 639 sequenced RSSC strains.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- infrequent T3Ee4
- Value
- eight strainse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“contributes to virulence on peanut”
e4“Among the available sequenced 639 RSSC strains, RipBB is an infrequent T3E that is only present in eight strains”
Claim · model-written summary
The two ankyrin (ANK) repeats of RipBB are important for localizing the protein to the cytomembrane and nucleus.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Gene
- ankyrin (ANK) repeatse5
- Outcome
- localizing the protein to the cytomembrane and nucleuse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“contributes to virulence on peanut”
e5“Two ankyrin (ANK) repeats were identified in RipBB, which play an important role in localizing the protein to the cytomembrane and nucleus”
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