Abstract
Bali is one of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) producers in Indonesia. Clove essential oil is mainly produced from the leaves and flowers. Eugenol is the main component in the essential oil of clove. The objective of this research is to determine constituents and antioxidant activity of clove’s bud and leaf essential oils from Bali. The essential oils were isolated from clove’s bud and leaf samples by steam distillation with the yield of 12.90 and 2.63%. The constituents of the clove essential oils were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-six and twenty-nine constituents were identified based on GC-MS from the clove bud and leaf essential oils, respectively. Major classes of compounds are sesquiterpenes, phenyl propanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and esters. Different compositions in major constituents were found between both essential oils. Clove bud essential oil (CBEO) contained eugenol (65.29 %), trans-caryophyllene (20.06 %), and α-humulene (3.38 %). While, in clove’s leaf essential oil (CLEO), the composition was eugenol (64.47 %), trans-caryophyllene (27.19 %), and α-humulene (3.62 %). The clove essential oil and its main component show strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenol is 22.58, 29.19, and 17.53 μg/mL, respectively.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Clove bud essential oil yield was 12.90%.
- Taxon
- Clove
Syzygium aromaticumt0 - Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- 12.90e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“The essential oils were isolated from clove’s bud and leaf samples by steam distillation with the yield of 12.90 and 2.63%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove leaf essential oil yield was 2.63%.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- 2.63%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“The essential oils were isolated from clove’s bud and leaf samples by steam distillation with the yield of 12.90 and 2.63%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-six constituents were identified in clove bud essential oil.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- constituentse0
- Value
- Thirty-sixe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Thirty-six and twenty-nine constituents were identified based on GC-MS from the clove bud and leaf essential oils, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty-nine constituents were identified in clove leaf essential oil.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- constituentse0
- Value
- twenty-ninee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Thirty-six and twenty-nine constituents were identified based on GC-MS from the clove bud and leaf essential oils, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The major compound classes in clove oils were sesquiterpenes, phenyl propanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and esters.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Outcome
- sesquiterpenes, phenyl propanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and esterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Major classes of compounds are sesquiterpenes, phenyl propanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and esters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Major constituent compositions differed between clove bud and leaf oils.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Outcome
- Different compositions in major constituentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Different compositions in major constituents were found between both essential oils.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove bud oil contained 65.29 % eugenol.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- eugenole0
- Value
- 65.29 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Clove bud essential oil (CBEO) contained eugenol (65.29 %), trans-caryophyllene (20.06 %), and α-humulene (3.38 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove bud oil contained 20.06 % trans-caryophyllene.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- trans-caryophyllenee0
- Value
- 20.06 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Clove bud essential oil (CBEO) contained eugenol (65.29 %), trans-caryophyllene (20.06 %), and α-humulene (3.38 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove bud oil contained 3.38 % α-humulene.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- α-humulenee0
- Value
- 3.38 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“Clove bud essential oil (CBEO) contained eugenol (65.29 %), trans-caryophyllene (20.06 %), and α-humulene (3.38 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove leaf oil contained 64.47 % eugenol.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- eugenole0
- Value
- 64.47 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“in clove’s leaf essential oil (CLEO), the composition was eugenol (64.47 %), trans-caryophyllene (27.19 %), and α-humulene (3.62 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove leaf oil contained 27.19 % trans-caryophyllene.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- trans-caryophyllenee0
- Value
- 27.19 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“in clove’s leaf essential oil (CLEO), the composition was eugenol (64.47 %), trans-caryophyllene (27.19 %), and α-humulene (3.62 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove leaf oil contained 3.62 % α-humulene.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- α-humulenee0
- Value
- 3.62 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“in clove’s leaf essential oil (CLEO), the composition was eugenol (64.47 %), trans-caryophyllene (27.19 %), and α-humulene (3.62 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove bud oil antioxidant activity was 22.58 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- Budt0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Value
- 22.58e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Bud”
e0“The antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenol is 22.58, 29.19, and 17.53 μg/mL, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove leaf oil antioxidant activity was 29.19 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Organ / stage
- Leaft0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Value
- 29.19e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Bud and Leaf”
e0“The antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenol is 22.58, 29.19, and 17.53 μg/mL, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eugenol antioxidant activity was 17.53 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- CloveSyzygium aromaticumt0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenole0
- Value
- 17.53 μg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)”
e0“The antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenol is 22.58, 29.19, and 17.53 μg/mL, respectively.”