Abstract
ABSTRACT Different cultivation methods directly affect the quality of medicinal materials, to gain insights into the effects of different type of mulching on the quality of Notopterygium franchetii root medicinal materials, farmland experiments were conducted in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We subjected two-year-old Notopterygium franchetii seedling to five mulching treatments: no mulching (CK, control), coarse sand mulching (CM), grassy mulching (GM), stalk mulching (SM), and plastic mulching (PM). Following these treatments, we determined the moisture content, pH, NPK contents, and enzymeatic activity of the soil, and morphological indexes and content of the main components of root. Stalk mulching and PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter and reduced branched root biomass by reducing the number of branched roots produced. Grassy mulching increased the root biomass by promoting main root elongation. Mulching increased the total content of the six main root components, with the most significant change obtained with GM, but the pattern of change of the different components varied among the mulch treatments. Contents of NPK were significantly higher than in the control with GM, but decreased with PM. Coarse sand mulching and PM significantly reduced the activities of urease and sucrase, and SM significantly increased the activities of urease, catalase and sucrase, but significantly decreased that of phosphatase. Furthermore, GM significantly increased phosphatase and sucrase activities, while CM significantly decreased urease and sucrase activities. Various soil enzymes and its pH promote main root bioaccumulation by increasing the root ground diameter or main root length. Sucrase activity promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen, and notopterol content, and inhibited the accumulation of chlorogenic acid and nodakenin. Elevated soil water content promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, notopterol and nodakenin, and inhibited isoimperatorin accumulation. Hence, NPK, pH, and various enzymes have different effects on the accumulation of major components in the root. The effect of mulching is closely linked to root growth and distribution, as well as to the soil environment. Various soil factors affect the quality of medicinal materials differently and, ultimately, can work together to form an equilibrium state that benefit the accumulation of main root biomass and main components with medicinal interest in Notopterygium franchetii.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk mulch increased main root biomass and ground diameter.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Stalk mulching and PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter”
e1“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch increased main root biomass through larger ground diameter.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Stalk mulching and PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter”
e1“plastic mulching (PM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk mulch reduced branched root biomass and branch root number.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Stalk mulching and PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter and reduced branched root biomass by reducing the number of branched roots produced.”
e1“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced branched root biomass and branch root number.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter and reduced branched root biomass by reducing the number of branched roots produced.”
e1“plastic mulching (PM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch increased root biomass by promoting main root elongation.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Grassy mulching increased the root biomass by promoting main root elongation.”
e1“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching increased total content of six main root components, most strongly under grass mulch.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Mulching increased the total content of the six main root components, with the most significant change obtained with GM”
e1“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch significantly increased soil NPK content relative to control.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Contents of NPK were significantly higher than in the control with GM”
e1“grassy mulching (GM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch decreased soil NPK content.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Contents of NPK were significantly higher than in the control with GM, but decreased with PM.”
e1“plastic mulching (PM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Coarse sand mulch reduced soil urease and sucrase activities.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Coarse sand mulching and PM significantly reduced the activities of urease and sucrase”
e1“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced soil urease and sucrase activities.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Coarse sand mulching and PM significantly reduced the activities of urease and sucrase”
e1“plastic mulching (PM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk mulch increased soil urease, catalase and sucrase activities.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“SM significantly increased the activities of urease, catalase and sucrase”
e1“stalk mulching (SM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk mulch decreased soil phosphatase activity.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“SM significantly increased the activities of urease, catalase and sucrase, but significantly decreased that of phosphatase.”
e1“stalk mulching (SM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch increased soil phosphatase and sucrase activities.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“GM significantly increased phosphatase and sucrase activities”
e1“grassy mulching (GM)”
e2“no mulching (CK, control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil enzymes and pH promoted main root accumulation through greater ground diameter or length.
- Taxon
- Notopterygium franchetiiHansenia forbesiit0
- Outcome
- main root bioaccumulatione0
- Qualifier
- soil enzymes and its pHe0
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Various soil enzymes and its pH promote main root bioaccumulation by increasing the root ground diameter or main root length.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrase activity promoted accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen and notopterol.
- Taxon
- Notopterygium franchetiiHansenia forbesiit0
- Outcome
- accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen, and notopterol contente0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- Sucrase activitye0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Sucrase activity promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen, and notopterol content”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrase activity inhibited accumulation of chlorogenic acid and nodakenin.
- Taxon
- Notopterygium franchetiiHansenia forbesiit0
- Outcome
- accumulation of chlorogenic acid and nodakenine0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- Sucrase activitye0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Sucrase activity promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen, and notopterol content, and inhibited the accumulation of chlorogenic acid and nodakenin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher soil water content promoted ferulic acid, notopterol and nodakenin accumulation.
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Elevated soil water content promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, notopterol and nodakenin”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher soil water content inhibited isoimperatorin accumulation.
- Taxon
- Notopterygium franchetiiHansenia forbesiit0
- Outcome
- isoimperatorin accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Setting
- soile0
Verbatim
t0“Notopterygium franchetii”
e0“Elevated soil water content promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, notopterol and nodakenin, and inhibited isoimperatorin accumulation.”