Abstract
Seed enhancements involve post-harvest modifications that improve germination and plant performance. One form of enhancement involves coatings, which encompasses encrusting, pelleting, and film coats. These coatings may contain agrichemicals, such as fungicides and insecticides, and can foster conformational changes that improve the plantability of small or irregularly shaped seeds. Seed encapsulation using pharmaceutical capsules can be viewed as an extension of seed coatings where seeds and other beneficial agrichemicals can be combined into a single plantable unit. For many crops, direct contact with high levels of conventional fertilizers may induce some level of phytotoxicity, and early studies involving fertilizer-enriched seed coatings resulted in decreased seedling emergence and diminished plant performance. Encapsulation, however, provides greater delivery volumes compared to other coatings and may offer some degree of separation between seeds and potentially phytotoxic agrochemicals. This study considered tomato seed encapsulation with controlled-release fertilizers. In general, seed exposure to gelatin-based capsules delayed germination by 2- to 3- days. Nevertheless, seed encapsulation improved plant performance including increased plant height and dry mass production by as much as 75 and 460%, respectively. These growth responses mitigated any effects attributed to germination delays. Moreover, higher levels of controlled-release fertilizers (≥800 mg) fostered earlier flower induction by up to 3 weeks. Collectively, the results suggest that seed encapsulation can be an effective way to deliver fertilizers to plants in a manner that could reduce overall fertilizer application rates and possibly lessen the quantity of plant nutrient input necessary for tomato cultivation.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Gelatin capsules delayed tomato germination by 2- to 3- days.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- gelatin-based capsulese0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 2- to 3- dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e0“seed exposure to gelatin-based capsules delayed germination by 2- to 3- days.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed encapsulation increased tomato plant height by as much as 75%.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- seed encapsulatione0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 75e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e0“seed encapsulation improved plant performance including increased plant height and dry mass production by as much as 75 and 460%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed encapsulation increased tomato dry mass production by as much as 460%.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- seed encapsulatione0
- Outcome
- dry mass productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 460%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e0“seed encapsulation improved plant performance including increased plant height and dry mass production by as much as 75 and 460%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At least 800 mg of controlled-release fertilizer advanced flower induction by up to 3 weeks.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- controlled-release fertilizers (≥800 mg)e0
- Outcome
- flower inductione0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- up to 3 weekse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e0“higher levels of controlled-release fertilizers (≥800 mg) fostered earlier flower induction by up to 3 weeks.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest seed encapsulation could deliver fertilizers while reducing application rates and nutrient inputs.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- seed encapsulatione0
- Outcome
- reduce overall fertilizer application ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e0“seed encapsulation can be an effective way to deliver fertilizers to plants in a manner that could reduce overall fertilizer application rates and possibly lessen the quantity of plant nutrient input necessary for tomato cultivation.”
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See all 123 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.