Abstract
By monitoring the solidification of droplets of plant latices with a fast quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), droplets from Campanula glomerata were found to solidify much faster than droplets from Euphorbia characias and also faster than droplets from all technical latices tested. A similar conclusion was drawn from optical videos, where the plants were injured and the milky fluid was stretched (sometimes forming fibers) after the cut. Rapid solidification cannot be explained with physical drying because physical drying is transport-limited and therefore is inherently slow. It can, however, be explained with coagulation being triggered by a sudden decrease in hydrostatic pressure. A mechanism based on a pressure drop is corroborated by optical videos of both plants being injured under water. While the liquid exuded by E. characias keeps streaming away, the liquid exuded by C. glomerata quickly forms a plug even under water. Presumably, the pressure drop causes an influx of serum into the laticifers. The serum, in turn, triggers a transition from a liquid–liquid phase separated state (an LLPS state) of a resin and hardener to a single-phase state. QCM measurements, optical videos, and cryo-SEM images suggest that LLPS plays a role in the solidification of C. glomerata.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Droplets of latex from Campanula glomerata solidified much faster than droplets from Euphorbia characias.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerata
Campanula glomeratae0 - Outcome
- solidifye0
- Direction
- much fastere0
- Comparator
- droplets from Euphorbia characiase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“droplets from Campanula glomerata were found to solidify much faster than droplets from Euphorbia characias”
Claim · model-written summary
Droplets of latex from Campanula glomerata solidified faster than droplets from all technical latices tested.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerataCampanula glomeratae0
- Outcome
- solidifye0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Comparator
- all technical latices testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“droplets from Campanula glomerata were found to solidify much faster than droplets from Euphorbia characias and also faster than droplets from all technical latices tested”
Claim · model-written summary
The rapid solidification of the latex cannot be explained by physical drying, which is transport-limited and inherently slow.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerataCampanula glomeratat0
- Outcome
- Rapid solidificatione0
- Qualifier
- physical drying is transport-limitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rapid solidification cannot be explained with physical drying because physical drying is transport-limited and therefore is inherently slow”
t0“Campanula glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
The rapid solidification can be explained by coagulation triggered by a sudden decrease in hydrostatic pressure.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerataCampanula glomeratat0
- Outcome
- coagulatione0
- Qualifier
- triggered by a sudden decrease in hydrostatic pressuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It can, however, be explained with coagulation being triggered by a sudden decrease in hydrostatic pressure”
t0“Campanula glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
The liquid exuded by C. glomerata quickly forms a plug even under water.
- Taxon
- C. glomerataCampanula glomeratae0
- Outcome
- quickly forms a pluge0
- Setting
- under watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the liquid exuded by C. glomerata quickly forms a plug even under water”
Claim · model-written summary
The liquid exuded by E. characias keeps streaming away when injured under water.
- Taxon
- E. characias
_Euphorbia_characias_-_inflorescences_-_Jardin_Botanique_Henri_GAUSSEN.jpg?width=60)
Euphorbia characiase0 - Outcome
- keeps streaming awaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Euphorbia_characias_-_inflorescences_-_Jardin_Botanique_Henri_GAUSSEN.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the liquid exuded by E. characias keeps streaming away”
Claim · model-written summary
Presumably, the pressure drop causes an influx of serum into the laticifers.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerataCampanula glomeratat0
- Outcome
- influx of serum into the laticiferse0
- Qualifier
- pressure drope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pressure drop causes an influx of serum into the laticifers”
t0“Campanula glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
The serum triggers a transition from a liquid-liquid phase separated state of a resin and hardener to a single-phase state.
- Taxon
- Campanula glomerataCampanula glomeratat0
- Outcome
- transition from a liquid–liquid phase separated state (an LLPS state) of a resin and hardener to a single-phase statee0
- Qualifier
- The serum, in turn, triggerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The serum, in turn, triggers a transition from a liquid–liquid phase separated state (an LLPS state) of a resin and hardener to a single-phase state”
t0“Campanula glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
QCM measurements, optical videos and cryo-SEM images suggest that LLPS plays a role in the solidification of C. glomerata.
- Taxon
- C. glomerataCampanula glomeratae0
- Outcome
- solidificatione0
- Qualifier
- LLPS plays a rolee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“QCM measurements, optical videos, and cryo-SEM images suggest that LLPS plays a role in the solidification of C. glomerata”