Abstract
In response to increasingly hot and dry summers driven by climate change, grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.) can utilize adaptive mechanisms that often prioritize survival over yield and grape quality. The efficiency of the vine canopy, particularly in terms of gas exchange and net assimilation, declines with water scarcity, underscoring the importance of mitigating strategies such as emergency irrigation. However, in Mediterranean vineyards, water shortages often render irrigation impractical. An alternative approach is the application of minerals, such as zeolites, to mitigate the negative effects of summer stress. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological, vegetative–productive, and qualitative effects of chabazite‐rich zeolite treatments on potted grapevines subjected to both water and heat stress, and on field‐grown vines exposed only to heat stress. The research was conducted over a 3‐year period (2021–2023) on Sangiovese grapevines, divided into two distinct trials: the first on potted vines (2021) and the second on field‐grown vines (2022–2023). The potted trial involved 12 plants placed on lysimeters, subjected to water restriction (50% restitution of water lost through transpiration), and divided into two treatments: water stress vines (WS) and WS vines treated with natural zeolite (WS + ZEO). The field trial involved 24 nonirrigated plants with two treatments: untreated control (WS) and zeolite treatment (WS + ZEO). Microclimatic conditions were monitored during ripening, and the effects of zeolite were assessed in terms of canopy physiology, yield, sunburn damage, and grape composition. Grapes from the field trial vines were microvinified, and the resulting wine color was analyzed twice, after 3 months and 1 year. The results showed that zeolite treatments effectively reduced canopy temperature by two degrees Celsius, enhancing gas exchange efficiency and photosynthetic activity in potted vines. In field‐grown vines, these treatments significantly improved grape composition, particularly boosting total anthocyanin levels by 19% in the berries and 10% in the resulting wine, compared to the untreated control. In conclusion, zeolite‐based treatments appear to be a valuable tool for improving the productive performance of Sangiovese in environments characterized by multiple summer stresses.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Zeolite reduced canopy temperature in potted grapevines by two degrees Celsius.
- Treatment
- zeolite treatmentse0
- Outcome
- canopy temperaturee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- two degrees Celsiuse0
- Setting
- potted vinese0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“zeolite treatments effectively reduced canopy temperature by two degrees Celsius, enhancing gas exchange efficiency and photosynthetic activity in potted vines”
t0“grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeolite enhanced gas exchange efficiency and photosynthetic activity in potted grapevines.
- Treatment
- zeolite treatmentse0
- Outcome
- gas exchange efficiency and photosynthetic activitye0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Setting
- potted vinese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“zeolite treatments effectively reduced canopy temperature by two degrees Celsius, enhancing gas exchange efficiency and photosynthetic activity in potted vines”
t0“grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeolite significantly improved grape composition in field-grown vines.
- Treatment
- zeolite treatmentst1
- Outcome
- grape compositione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- field‐grown vinese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field‐grown vines, these treatments significantly improved grape composition”
t0“grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.)”
t1“zeolite treatments effectively reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeolite increased total anthocyanin levels in berries by 19% versus untreated controls.
- Organ / stage
- berriese0
- Treatment
- zeolite treatmentst1
- Outcome
- total anthocyanin levelse0
- Direction
- boostinge0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“boosting total anthocyanin levels by 19% in the berries and 10% in the resulting wine, compared to the untreated control”
t0“grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.)”
t1“zeolite treatments effectively reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeolite increased anthocyanin levels in resulting wine by 10% versus untreated controls.
- Treatment
- zeolite treatmentst1
- Outcome
- total anthocyanin levelse0
- Direction
- boostinge0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Qualifier
- resulting winee0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“boosting total anthocyanin levels by 19% in the berries and 10% in the resulting wine, compared to the untreated control”
t0“grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L.)”
t1“zeolite treatments effectively reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider zeolite treatments a useful means to improve Sangiovese production under multiple summer stresses.
Verbatim
e0“zeolite‐based treatments appear to be a valuable tool for improving the productive performance of Sangiovese in environments characterized by multiple summer stresses”
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