Abstract
Abstract Soybeans serve as a crucial source of protein and edible oil on a global scale. Enhancements in production can be achieved through the utilization of superior varieties via breeding mutations. Physical mutagens, particularly gamma irradiation, are frequently employed to increase genetic diversity. This study sought to evaluate the diversity of morpho-agronomic traits exhibited by the M.1.1.3 line following exposure to gamma irradiation. The doses administered included 0 Gray (Gy), 150 Gy, 250 Gy, and 350 Gy. The gamma irradiation was conducted at the Radiation Process Technology Research Center, Organization for Nuclear Energy Research, Jakarta. The field research took place in North Aceh Regency, Indonesia. Data analysis was performed utilizing Minitab 14 software, in conjunction with a t-test. The findings revealed that gamma irradiation substantially influenced both morphological and agronomic characteristics within the M.1.1.3 line. Notable variations were observed in leaf shape, leaf size, stem shape, and sterility. The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield. Furthermore, gamma irradiation delayed the flowering and harvesting time.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation substantially influenced morphological and agronomic characteristics of the soybean M.1.1.3 line.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- morphological and agronomic characteristicse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The findings revealed that gamma irradiation substantially influenced both morphological and agronomic characteristics within the M.1.1.3 line”
Claim · model-written summary
Notable variations were observed in leaf shape, leaf size and stem shape in the soybean M.1.1.3 line after gamma irradiation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- M.1.1.3 linet0
- Outcome
- leaf shape, leaf size, stem shapee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“Notable variations were observed in leaf shape, leaf size, stem shape, and sterility”
Claim · model-written summary
Notable variations were observed in sterility of the soybean M.1.1.3 line after gamma irradiation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- M.1.1.3 linet0
- Outcome
- sterilitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“Notable variations were observed in leaf shape, leaf size, stem shape, and sterility”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- germination ratese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with reduced plant height in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with diminished branch numbers in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- branch numberse1
- Direction
- diminishede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with fewer pods in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- podse1
- Direction
- fewere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with an increased percentage of empty pods in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- percentage of empty podse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with lower 100-seed weight per plant in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- 100-seed weight per plante1
- Direction
- lowere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased dry seed weight per plant in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- dry seed weight per plante1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with reduced seed weight per plot in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- seed weight per plote1
- Direction
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with reduced yield in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“The higher doses of gamma irradiation were associated with decreased germination rates, reduced plant height, diminished branch numbers, fewer pods, an increased percentage of empty pods, lower 100-seed weight per plant, decreased dry seed weight per plant, reduced seed weight per plot, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation delayed flowering and harvesting time in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- gamma irradiatione1
- Outcome
- flowering and harvesting timee1
- Direction
- delayede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mutation induction in soybean (Glycine max L.) M.1.1.3 line”
e1“Furthermore, gamma irradiation delayed the flowering and harvesting time”