Abstract
ABSTRACT Evaluating diversity panels for their ability to endure salt stress conditions is essential for the development of breeding lines. A set of 100 lentil genotypes was characterised for their salt tolerance during 2021–22 and 2022–23. Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI). The K + content decreased while the Na + content increased in plant tissues of all genotypes with higher salt levels. Notably, genotypes IC241532, IC241529, LL1813, EC223237B, KM4, IC78387, LL1804, KM1, LL1823, LL1641, IC78387 and EC223212A demonstrated superior performance due to an enhanced antioxidant system. It was evidenced by increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between yield per plant (YPP) and seed K + , shoot K + , Pn, gsw, shoot fresh weight (SFW) and root fresh weight (RFW) highlighting the importance of these key traits in enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress. Principal component analysis of 26 indices indicated a considerable level of genotypic variability among genotypes as well as a significant correlation between YPP and SFW, RFW under control and Pn, MSI, gsw, SFW, root dry weight (RDW) and 100‐seed weight under salt stress. This study provides valuable insights into diverse lentil genotypes' agro‐physiological and antioxidant responses to salt stress.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil plant height by 43.96%.
- Taxon
- lentil
Lens culinarist0 - Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 43.96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil primary branches per plant by 19.46%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- primary branches per plante0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 19.46%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil pods per plant by 44.45%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- pods per plante0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 44.45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil seed weight by 47.26%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- seed weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 47.26%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 36.39%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate (Pn)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 36.39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil transpiration rate by 34.03%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 34.03%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil stomatal conductance (gsw) by 33.95%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance (gsw)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 33.95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil chlorophyll content by 27.75%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 27.75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil relative water content by 30.04%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 30.04%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced lentil membrane stability index (MSI) by 18.99%.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- membrane stability index (MSI)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 18.99%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress lead to an average reduction of 43.96% in plant height, 19.46% in primary branches per plant, 44.45% in pods per plant, 47.26% in seed weight, 36.39% in photosynthetic rate (Pn), 34.03% in transpiration rate, 33.95% in stomatal conductance (gsw), 27.75% in chlorophyll content, 30.04% in relative water content and 18.99% in membrane stability index (MSI)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
K + content decreased under higher salt in all lentil genotypes.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- higher salt levelse0
- Outcome
- K + contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The K + content decreased while the Na + content increased in plant tissues of all genotypes with higher salt levels”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Na + content increased under higher salt in all lentil genotypes.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- higher salt levelse0
- Outcome
- Na + contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The K + content decreased while the Na + content increased in plant tissues of all genotypes with higher salt levels”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
The named lentil genotypes showed superior performance associated with an enhanced antioxidant system.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- superior performancee0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- enhanced antioxidant systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes IC241532, IC241529, LL1813, EC223237B, KM4, IC78387, LL1804, KM1, LL1823, LL1641, IC78387 and EC223212A demonstrated superior performance due to an enhanced antioxidant system”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior lentil genotypes showed higher proline content.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior lentil genotypes showed higher activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior lentil genotypes showed higher aspartate peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- aspartate peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior lentil genotypes showed higher total soluble sugar content.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- total soluble sugar contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased proline content, alongside increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, aspartate peroxidase activity and higher total soluble sugar content”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Lentil yield per plant correlated positively with seed and shoot K, photosynthesis, conductance, and fresh weights.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- yield per plant (YPP)e0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a positive correlation was observed between yield per plant (YPP) and seed K + , shoot K + , Pn, gsw, shoot fresh weight (SFW) and root fresh weight (RFW)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
The 26 indices showed considerable genotypic variability in lentil.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- genotypic variabilitye0
- Direction
- considerablee0
- Value
- 26 indicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Principal component analysis of 26 indices indicated a considerable level of genotypic variability among genotypes”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Lentil yield correlated significantly with fresh weight under control and physiological and weight traits under salt stress.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- correlation between YPP and SFW, RFWe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant correlation between YPP and SFW, RFW under control and Pn, MSI, gsw, SFW, root dry weight (RDW) and 100‐seed weight under salt stress”
t0“Lentil”
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