Abstract
Abstract Previous research on starter fertilizer application has shown significant grain yield improvement; yet the greatest responses often occur on fields below the critical soil phosphorus (P) threshold. This study aimed to (i) investigate the impacts of starter fertilizer placement on corn growth, nutrient uptake, and grain yield in P‐sufficient soils and (ii) determine whether the timing of planting influences corn response to starter fertilizer placement across different growing environments. Field experiments were conducted at three locations in eastern South Dakota from 2021 to 2023, comparing an early with a normal planting date utilizing different starter fertilizer combinations, placements, and rates. Liquid fertilizers were used with and without zinc, placed in the seed in‐furrow at a lower (IFL) and a higher (IFH) rates, 5 × 5 normal rate placement (5 × 5), a combination of IFL and 5 × 5 placement and a control treatment without starter fertilizer application, with nutrient rates 10, 15, 25, 35, and 0 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 , respectively. The planting timing did not significantly influence corn response to starter fertilizer placement across the locations. Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control, increased early‐season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3%, plant height by 0.75 and 3.1 cm, dry matter production by 83 kg ha −1 , N and P uptake by 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1 , respectively. However, these improvements did not translate into increased whole season crop physiological parameters or grain yield. Therefore, this result indicates that starter fertilizer application will not be necessary on P‐sufficient soils for yield increased in eastern South Dakota.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer placement increased early-season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Starter fertilizer placemente1
- Outcome
- early‐season growth stagee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 3.2% and 2.3%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e1“Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control, increased early‐season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3%”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer placement increased plant height by 0.75 and 3.1 cm relative to the control.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Starter fertilizer placemente2
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 0.75 and 3.1 cme2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e2“Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control, increased early‐season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3%, plant height by 0.75 and 3.1 cm, dry matter production by 83 kg ha −1 , N and P uptake by 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer placement increased dry matter production by 83 kg ha −1 relative to the control.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Starter fertilizer placemente2
- Outcome
- dry matter productione2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 83 kg ha −1e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e2“Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control, increased early‐season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3%, plant height by 0.75 and 3.1 cm, dry matter production by 83 kg ha −1 , N and P uptake by 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer placement increased N and P uptake by 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1 relative to the control.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Starter fertilizer placemente2
- Outcome
- N and P uptakee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e2“Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control, increased early‐season growth stage by 3.2% and 2.3%, plant height by 0.75 and 3.1 cm, dry matter production by 83 kg ha −1 , N and P uptake by 3.1 and 0.34 kg ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer placement did not increase whole season crop physiological parameters or grain yield.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Starter fertilizer placemente1
- Outcome
- whole season crop physiological parameters or grain yielde3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e1“Starter fertilizer placement, relative to the control”
e3“However, these improvements did not translate into increased whole season crop physiological parameters or grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting timing did not significantly influence corn response to starter fertilizer placement across the locations.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- planting timinge4
- Outcome
- corn response to starter fertilizer placemente4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Comparator
- normal planting datee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e4“The planting timing did not significantly influence corn response to starter fertilizer placement across the locations”
e5“comparing an early with a normal planting date”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer application will not be necessary on P-sufficient soils for yield increase in eastern South Dakota.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- starter fertilizer application will not be necessarye1
- Setting
- eastern South Dakotae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn growth and yield response”
e1“starter fertilizer application will not be necessary on P‐sufficient soils for yield increased in eastern South Dakota”
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