Abstract
Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused by Burkholderia glumae, poses a significant threat to rice production. Conventional chemical control methods contribute to environmental concerns and resistance issues, necessitating the development of sustainable alternatives. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate cinnamon bark extract-chitosan (CBE- CS) nano formulations for antibacterial efficacy against Burkholderia glumae. First, the antibacterial activity of cinnamon bark extract (CBE) was assessed, revealing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 μg/mL. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed significant bacterial cell wall damage, cytoplasmic leakage, and structural degradation after treatment. Chemical characterization of CBE using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified key active compounds, with (Z)-3- phenylacryldehyde as the major component (51.24%). Next, nano formulations of CBE-CS were developed, and their physicochemical properties were characterized, including particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (33.9%), and loading capacity (48.78%). Antibacterial assessments demonstrated that the nano formulations effectively inhibited Burkholderia. glumae. Finally, greenhouse trials on rice seedlings confirmed the efficacy of these nano formulations in controlling BPB disease, showing significant bacterial suppression and improved plant health. These findings suggest that CBE-CS nanoparticles offer a promising, eco-friendly alternative for managing bacterial blight in rice, providing both effective antibacterial activity and enhanced plant protection.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cinnamon bark extract has a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.25 μg/mL against Burkholderia glumae.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- Burkholderia glumae
Burkholderia glumaee0pathogen - Outcome
- minimum inhibitory concentratione1
- Value
- 6.25 μg/mLe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“revealing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 μg/mL”
e0“Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused by Burkholderia glumae”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Cinnamon bark extract has a minimum bactericidal concentration of 12.5 μg/mL against Burkholderia glumae.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- minimum bactericidal concentratione1
- Value
- 12.5 μg/mLe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“revealing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 μg/mL”
e0“Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused by Burkholderia glumae”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Cinnamon bark extract damaged bacterial cell walls of Burkholderia glumae, causing cytoplasmic leakage and structural degradation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial cell wall damagee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“showed significant bacterial cell wall damage, cytoplasmic leakage, and structural degradation after treatment”
e0“Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused by Burkholderia glumae”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
(Z)-3-phenylacryldehyde was the major component of cinnamon bark extract at 51.24%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- (Z)-3- phenylacryldehydee3
- Outcome
- major componente3
- Value
- 51.24%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“with (Z)-3- phenylacryldehyde as the major component (51.24%)”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CBE-CS nano formulation has an encapsulation efficiency of 33.9%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- encapsulation efficiencye4
- Value
- 33.9%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“including particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (33.9%), and loading capacity (48.78%)”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CBE-CS nano formulation has a loading capacity of 48.78%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- loading capacitye4
- Value
- 48.78%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“including particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (33.9%), and loading capacity (48.78%)”
t0“Bacterial Panicle Blight in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse trials on rice seedlings showed that CBE-CS nano formulations controlled bacterial panicle blight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Treatment
- nano formulationse5
- Interactor
- Burkholderia glumaeBurkholderia glumaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- BPB diseasee5
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede5
- Setting
- greenhouse trialse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“greenhouse trials on rice seedlings confirmed the efficacy of these nano formulations in controlling BPB disease”
e0“Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused by Burkholderia glumae”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · Burkholderia glumae · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.