Abstract
To provide insights into the antifungal effect of 2-ethylhexanol, its effects on Aspergillus flavus spore germination, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) production, cell damage, related gene expression, and control of A. flavus in maize, wheat, and peanuts were evaluated. A. flavus spore germination was completely inhibited by 2-ethylhexanol at 0.17 μL/mL using fumigation method, or at 0.78 μL/mL using liquid mixing method. A. flavus biomass and AFB 1 content were substantially reduced, the cell wall and cell membrane were disrupted by 2-ethylhexanol, causing cell content leakage, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and DNA damage. Furthermore, A. flavus genes related to ergosterol synthesis and aflatoxins global regulator were downregulated by 2-ethylhexanol. The A. flavus population, free fatty acid and AFB 1 content of the three tested grains were notably reduced by 2-ethylhexanol fumigation. These results demonstrated the potential application value of 2-ethylhexanol in the control of A. flavus in food and grains.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation with 2-ethylhexanol at 0.17 μL/mL completely inhibited A. flavus spore germination.
- Taxon
- A. flavus
Aspergillus flavuse0 - Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanol at 0.17 μL/mLe0
- Outcome
- A. flavus spore germinatione0
- Direction
- completely inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- using fumigation methode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. flavus spore germination was completely inhibited by 2-ethylhexanol at 0.17 μL/mL using fumigation method, or at 0.78 μL/mL using liquid mixing method.”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid mixing with 2-ethylhexanol at 0.78 μL/mL completely inhibited A. flavus spore germination.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- A. flavus spore germinatione0
- Direction
- completely inhibitede0
- Value
- 0.78 μL/mLe0
- Qualifier
- using liquid mixing methode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. flavus spore germination was completely inhibited by 2-ethylhexanol at 0.17 μL/mL using fumigation method, or at 0.78 μL/mL using liquid mixing method.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol substantially reduced A. flavus biomass and aflatoxin B1 content.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- A. flavus biomass and AFB 1 contente0
- Direction
- substantially reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. flavus biomass and AFB 1 content were substantially reduced, the cell wall and cell membrane were disrupted by 2-ethylhexanol”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol disrupted A. flavus cell walls and membranes.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- cell wall and cell membranee0
- Direction
- disruptede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. flavus biomass and AFB 1 content were substantially reduced, the cell wall and cell membrane were disrupted by 2-ethylhexanol”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell disruption by 2-ethylhexanol caused content leakage, reactive oxygen species accumulation and DNA damage in A. flavus.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- cell content leakage, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and DNA damagee0
- Qualifier
- cell wall and cell membrane were disruptede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. flavus biomass and AFB 1 content were substantially reduced, the cell wall and cell membrane were disrupted by 2-ethylhexanol, causing cell content leakage, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and DNA damage.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol downregulated A. flavus genes associated with ergosterol synthesis and the aflatoxin global regulator.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- genes related to ergosterol synthesis and aflatoxins global regulatore0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, A. flavus genes related to ergosterol synthesis and aflatoxins global regulator were downregulated by 2-ethylhexanol.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol fumigation reduced A. flavus population in the tested grains.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanol fumigatione0
- Outcome
- A. flavus populatione0
- Direction
- notably reducede0
- Qualifier
- three tested grainse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The A. flavus population, free fatty acid and AFB 1 content of the three tested grains were notably reduced by 2-ethylhexanol fumigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol fumigation reduced free fatty acid and AFB1 content in maize.
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanol fumigatione0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- free fatty acid and AFB 1 contente0
- Direction
- notably reducede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The A. flavus population, free fatty acid and AFB 1 content of the three tested grains were notably reduced by 2-ethylhexanol fumigation.”
e1“control of A. flavus in maize, wheat, and peanuts were evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol fumigation reduced free fatty acid and AFB1 content in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanol fumigatione0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- free fatty acid and AFB 1 contente0
- Direction
- notably reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The A. flavus population, free fatty acid and AFB 1 content of the three tested grains were notably reduced by 2-ethylhexanol fumigation.”
e1“control of A. flavus in maize, wheat, and peanuts were evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Ethylhexanol fumigation reduced free fatty acid and AFB1 content in peanuts.
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanol fumigatione0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- free fatty acid and AFB 1 contente0
- Direction
- notably reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The A. flavus population, free fatty acid and AFB 1 content of the three tested grains were notably reduced by 2-ethylhexanol fumigation.”
e1“control of A. flavus in maize, wheat, and peanuts were evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 2-ethylhexanol has potential for controlling A. flavus in food and grains.
- Taxon
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0
- Treatment
- 2-ethylhexanole0
- Outcome
- control of A. flavus in food and grainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results demonstrated the potential application value of 2-ethylhexanol in the control of A. flavus in food and grains.”
The same questions in other papers
solarization · Aspergillus flavus · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
solarization · Aspergillus flavus · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.