Abstract
The implications of applying organic fertilizers made from dried cow dung and food waste on the seedling development and growth of Amaranthus viridis at different soil horizons was examined in the current study. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, with 6 profile depths x 3 fertilizer treatments x 3 replicates each, totaling 54 bowls. The set up was left for 5 weeks. The findings demonstrated that cow dung manure provided adequate plant nutrients for enhancing seedling growth A. viridis. Although 0.05 g seeds of A. viridis was sown in the bowls, emergence capacities under varying soil conditions differed. Amending the soils with food waste manure hampered emergence capacities of the test plant. There were only six (06) sprouts at the first week compared to 46 in the control. Despite the observation that soil horizon and organic fertilizer application had no discernible effect on the root length of 5 - week - old seedlings (which varied between 1.3 cm and 2.3 cm), the use of manure was associated with a decrease in foliar chlorosis incidence. Without manure, foliar chlorotic incidence was 58 % in the 61 – 75 cm soil profile depth, compared to 35.0 – 35.2 % when soils were amended with either cow - dung or dried food waste manure. Ultimately, while deeper soil horizons initially posed challenges for growth, soil amendment successfully alleviated these unfavorable conditions. Article history: Received 24 November 2024; Revised 26 April 2025;Accepted 26 April 2025; Available online 25 June 2025
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cow dung manure enhanced seedling growth.
- Taxon
- A. viridis
Amaranthus viridise0 - Treatment
- cow dung manuree0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cow dung manure provided adequate plant nutrients for enhancing seedling growth A. viridis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Emergence differed across soil conditions.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Outcome
- emergence capacitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“emergence capacities under varying soil conditions differed.”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Food waste manure reduced emergence to six sprouts versus 46 in control.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Treatment
- food waste manuree0
- Outcome
- emergence capacitiese0
- Direction
- hamperede0
- Value
- six (06) sproutse0
- Qualifier
- 46 in the controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amending the soils with food waste manure hampered emergence capacities of the test plant. There were only six (06) sprouts at the first week compared to 46 in the control.”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil horizon and fertilizer showed no discernible effect on root length.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Treatment
- soil horizon and organic fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- no discernible effecte0
- Value
- 1.3 cm and 2.3 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil horizon and organic fertilizer application had no discernible effect on the root length of 5 - week - old seedlings (which varied between 1.3 cm and 2.3 cm)”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Cow dung manure reduced foliar chlorosis compared with unamended soil.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Treatment
- cow - dunge0
- Outcome
- foliar chlorotic incidencee0
- Value
- 35.0 – 35.2 %e0
- Comparator
- Without manuree0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without manure, foliar chlorotic incidence was 58 % in the 61 – 75 cm soil profile depth, compared to 35.0 – 35.2 % when soils were amended with either cow - dung or dried food waste manure.”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried food waste manure reduced foliar chlorosis compared with unamended soil.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Treatment
- dried food waste manuree0
- Outcome
- foliar chlorotic incidencee0
- Value
- 35.0 – 35.2 %e0
- Comparator
- Without manuree0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without manure, foliar chlorotic incidence was 58 % in the 61 – 75 cm soil profile depth, compared to 35.0 – 35.2 % when soils were amended with either cow - dung or dried food waste manure.”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amendment alleviated adverse effects of deeper horizons on growth.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus viridisAmaranthus viridist0
- Treatment
- soil amendmente0
- Outcome
- unfavorable conditionse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil amendment successfully alleviated these unfavorable conditions.”
t0“Influence of soil depth on seedling growth and development of Amaranthus viridis L. after amendment with organic fertilizer”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · disease · Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
fertilization · growth · Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.