Abstract
This study investigated the effects of sewage sludge treatment and Rhizobium inoculation on the growth, yield, and nodulation of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) under field conditions. The experiment was conducted at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University over two growing seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four doses of sewage sludge (0, 10, 20, and 40 t ha-¹) were applied with and without Rhizobium inoculation. The results revealed significant seasonal variations, with biological yield decreasing from 8306 kg ha-¹ in 2003-04 to 3262 kg ha-¹ in 2004-05, and grain yield declining from 2716 kg ha-¹ to 633 kg ha⁻¹. The application of 20 t ha-¹ sewage sludge resulted in the highest biological yield (6724 kg ha-¹) and grain yield (1854 kg ha-¹), while higher doses (40 t ha-¹) negatively impacted seed yield. The number of plants per square meter significantly varied between years, and reduced from 183 in 2003-04 to 74 in 2004-05, thereby altering growth and yield attributes. Sewage sludge increased plant density, reaching 153 at 40 t ha-¹, while Rhizobium inoculation slightly reduced it. In contrast to grain and biological yields, the number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant decreased with increasing sewage sludge doses. Overall, the study suggests that 20 ton ha-¹ sewage sludge application optimizes lentil productivity in semi-arid conditions, but higher doses may lead to reduced yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Biological yield fell from 8306 kg ha-¹ in 2003-04 to 3262 kg ha-¹ in 2004-05.
- Taxon
- lentil
Lens culinarist0 - Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 8306 kg ha-¹ in 2003-04 to 3262 kg ha-¹ in 2004-05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological yield decreasing from 8306 kg ha-¹ in 2003-04 to 3262 kg ha-¹ in 2004-05”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield fell from 2716 kg ha-¹ to 633 kg ha⁻¹ between seasons.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- declininge0
- Value
- 2716 kg ha-¹ to 633 kg ha⁻¹e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield declining from 2716 kg ha-¹ to 633 kg ha⁻¹.”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 t ha-¹ sludge, biological yield was highest at 6724 kg ha-¹.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- 20 t ha-¹ sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6724 kg ha-¹e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 20 t ha-¹ sewage sludge resulted in the highest biological yield (6724 kg ha-¹) and grain yield (1854 kg ha-¹)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 t ha-¹ sludge, grain yield was highest at 1854 kg ha-¹.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- 20 t ha-¹ sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1854 kg ha-¹e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 20 t ha-¹ sewage sludge resulted in the highest biological yield (6724 kg ha-¹) and grain yield (1854 kg ha-¹)”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
The 40 t ha-¹ sludge dose negatively affected seed yield.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- 40 t ha-¹e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- negatively impactede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher doses (40 t ha-¹) negatively impacted seed yield.”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density declined from 183 in 2003-04 to 74 in 2004-05.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- number of plants per square metere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 183 in 2003-04 to 74 in 2004-05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of plants per square meter significantly varied between years, and reduced from 183 in 2003-04 to 74 in 2004-05”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased plant density to 153 at 40 t ha-¹.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 153e0
- Qualifier
- 40 t ha-¹e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sewage sludge increased plant density, reaching 153 at 40 t ha-¹”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation slightly reduced plant density.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Rhizobium inoculatione0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- reducede0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium inoculation slightly reduced it.”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds per plant decreased as sludge dose increased.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- sewage sludge dosese0
- Outcome
- number of seeds per plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant decreased with increasing sewage sludge doses.”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield per plant decreased as sludge dose increased.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- sewage sludge dosese0
- Outcome
- seed yield per plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant decreased with increasing sewage sludge doses.”
t0“Lentil”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest 20 ton ha-¹ sludge for lentil productivity in semi-arid conditions.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- 20 ton ha-¹ sewage sludge applicatione0
- Setting
- semi-arid conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“20 ton ha-¹ sewage sludge application optimizes lentil productivity in semi-arid conditions”
t0“Lentil”
The same questions in other papers
organic · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.