Abstract
Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan. Three tillage systems: moldboard followed by sweep before rain; chisel followed by sweep before rain; and only sweep after rain were commenced. Each with three residue management practices. Incorporation with soil immediately after harvesting, shortly after harvesting; and incorporating the remainder residue left after baling and grazing (traditional) .Nitrogen fertilizer at three levels (0, 20 and 30 kg ha -1 ) were used. Using moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain season starts gave highest average grain wheat yield (2072 kg ha -1 ), and straw yield (4465 kg ha -1 ) over nine seasons. The different ways of residue management did not significantly affect the wheat grain yield (1991 -1998 kg ha -1 ), neither the straw (3965 4214 kg ha -1 ). Combined statistical analysis for tillage – residue treatments (moldboard + sweep before rain + residue bailing then grazing followed by early or late incorporation of the remained residue) gave the highest significant average grain yield. Nitrogen fertilization rate of 30 kg N ha -1 gave highest average grain yield (2064 Kg ha -1 ) and straw yield (4239 kg ha -1 ). Highest yields (with no significant differences) of lentil grain and straw were obtained by plowing with moldboard or chisel followed by sweep before rain . Crop residue and nitrogen fertilization treatments had no significant effect on grain and straw yields. Yield of lentil grain and straw without N fertilization was as high as those with fertilization. Residual nitrogen after wheat may be adequate as starter for N fixation by lentil where there was no need for nitrogen addition .
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain season gave the highest average grain wheat yield, 2072 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Organ / stage
- graine1
- Treatment
- moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain seasone1
- Outcome
- average grain wheat yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 2072 kg ha -1e1
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e1“Using moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain season starts gave highest average grain wheat yield (2072 kg ha -1 ), and straw yield (4465 kg ha -1 ) over nine seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain season gave the highest average straw yield, 4465 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- strawe1
- Treatment
- moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain seasone1
- Outcome
- straw yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4465 kg ha -1e1
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e1“Using moldboard followed by sweep plowing before the rain season starts gave highest average grain wheat yield (2072 kg ha -1 ), and straw yield (4465 kg ha -1 ) over nine seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Different ways of residue management did not significantly affect wheat grain yield, 1991-1998 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Organ / stage
- graine2
- Treatment
- different ways of residue managemente2
- Outcome
- wheat grain yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Value
- 1991 -1998 kg ha -1e2
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e2“The different ways of residue management did not significantly affect the wheat grain yield (1991 -1998 kg ha -1 ), neither the straw (3965 4214 kg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Different ways of residue management did not significantly affect straw yield, 3965-4214 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Organ / stage
- strawe2
- Treatment
- different ways of residue managemente2
- Outcome
- strawe2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Value
- 3965 4214 kg ha -1e2
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e2“The different ways of residue management did not significantly affect the wheat grain yield (1991 -1998 kg ha -1 ), neither the straw (3965 4214 kg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined analysis of tillage and residue treatments gave the highest significant average grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat and lentil
Lens culinarisTriticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- graine3
- Treatment
- moldboard + sweep before rain + residue bailing then grazing followed by early or late incorporation of the remained residuee3
- Outcome
- average grain yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e3“Combined statistical analysis for tillage – residue treatments (moldboard + sweep before rain + residue bailing then grazing followed by early or late incorporation of the remained residue) gave the highest significant average grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization at 30 kg N/ha gave the highest average grain yield, 2064 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheat and lentilLens culinarisTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- graine4
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilization rate of 30 kg N ha -1e4
- Outcome
- average grain yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 2064 Kg ha -1e4
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e4“Nitrogen fertilization rate of 30 kg N ha -1 gave highest average grain yield (2064 Kg ha -1 ) and straw yield (4239 kg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization at 30 kg N/ha gave the highest straw yield, 4239 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheat and lentilLens culinarisTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- strawe4
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilization rate of 30 kg N ha -1e4
- Outcome
- straw yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 4239 kg ha -1e4
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e4“Nitrogen fertilization rate of 30 kg N ha -1 gave highest average grain yield (2064 Kg ha -1 ) and straw yield (4239 kg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing with moldboard or chisel followed by sweep before rain gave the highest lentil grain and straw yields, with no significant differences.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarise5
- Treatment
- plowing with moldboard or chisel followed by sweep before raine5
- Outcome
- grain and strawe5
- Direction
- Higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Highest yields (with no significant differences) of lentil grain and straw were obtained by plowing with moldboard or chisel followed by sweep before rain”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residue and nitrogen fertilization treatments had no significant effect on wheat and lentil grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheat and lentilLens culinarisTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Crop residue and nitrogen fertilization treatmentse6
- Outcome
- grain and straw yieldse6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Setting
- Maru region , north of Jordane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term experiments (10 years) were conducted to study the effect of different tillage systems, crop residue management and nitrogen fertilization on wheat and lentil yields in three course rotation under rainfed conditions (380 mm mean annual rainfall) in Maru region , north of Jordan”
e6“Crop residue and nitrogen fertilization treatments had no significant effect on grain and straw yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Lentil grain and straw yield without nitrogen fertilization was as high as with fertilization.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarise7
- Treatment
- without N fertilizatione7
- Outcome
- Yield of lentil grain and strawe7
- Direction
- as high ase7
- Comparator
- those with fertilizatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Yield of lentil grain and straw without N fertilization was as high as those with fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual nitrogen after wheat may be adequate as starter for N fixation by lentil, so no nitrogen addition is needed.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarise7
- Outcome
- no need for nitrogen additione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Residual nitrogen after wheat may be adequate as starter for N fixation by lentil where there was no need for nitrogen addition”
The same questions in other papers
organic · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ
8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →nitrogen · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →grazing · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
66 papers more in this group
See all 70 papers →rainfall · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 48 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
77 papers more in this group
See all 81 papers →fertilization · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ
85 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
95 papers more in this group
See all 99 papers →climate site · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
71 papers in the same direction as this paper · 79 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
150 papers more in this group
See all 154 papers →organic · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 281 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
318 papers more in this group
See all 322 papers →tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.