Abstract
Seaweed may assist agricultural crops to adapt with abiotic stress and are widely used in agriculture, especially as biostimulants that improve plant growth and resistance to abiotic stressors. The study focuses on the biochemical characteristics of these seaweeds and their effect as plant biostimulant to improve germination and crop growth. Seaweeds were collected from Mandapam area of Ramanathapuram district and identified as Gracilaria gracilis and Gracilaria edulis from AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, West Bengal and their physico-chemical properties were evaluated. Higher protein levels were obtained in G. edulis (16.72 %), swelling capacity (SWC) in G. gracilis (23.25 mL g-1) is more compared to G. edulis, however, water holding capacity (WHC) of G. edulis (11.31 g g-1) was higher. The findings demonstrate that G. edulis has superior WHC, whereas G. gracilis has higher SWC, which improves soil moisture retention and nutrient availability. Further study shows that the two species' mineral compositions differ significantly, with G. gracilis being higher in potassium (6413.5 ppm) and sodium (1051.5 ppm), which may help with osmotic management in plants. Growth parameters were significantly improved by the treatment (T2–T5). In comparison to control T1, treatment T5 (10 % papermill effluent + G2 sps @ 7.5 %) exhibited the longest roots (51 ± 0.37 cm) and shoots (34 ± 0.35 cm), remarkable seed vigor index (26.88 ± 0.30) and a high germination percentage (96 ± 0.06 %). Overall, the results provide support to the usage of these seaweeds as organic fertilizers in difficult environmental situations to enhance crop growth.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
G. edulis had a protein level of 16.72%.
- Taxon
- G. edulisGracilaria edulise0
- Outcome
- protein levelse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 16.72 %e0
Verbatim
e0“Higher protein levels were obtained in G. edulis (16.72 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
G. gracilis had greater swelling capacity than G. edulis, at 23.25 mL g-1.
Verbatim
e0“swelling capacity (SWC) in G. gracilis (23.25 mL g-1) is more compared to G. edulis”
Claim · model-written summary
G. edulis had higher water holding capacity, at 11.31 g g-1.
- Taxon
- G. edulisGracilaria edulise0
- Outcome
- water holding capacity (WHC)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 11.31 g g-1e0
Verbatim
e0“water holding capacity (WHC) of G. edulis (11.31 g g-1) was higher”
Claim · model-written summary
G. gracilis had higher potassium content, at 6413.5 ppm.
- Taxon
- G. gracilisGracilaria gracilise0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6413.5 ppme0
Verbatim
e0“G. gracilis being higher in potassium (6413.5 ppm) and sodium (1051.5 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
G. gracilis had higher sodium content, at 1051.5 ppm.
- Taxon
- G. gracilisGracilaria gracilise0
- Outcome
- sodiume0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1051.5 ppme0
Verbatim
e0“G. gracilis being higher in potassium (6413.5 ppm) and sodium (1051.5 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments T2–T5 significantly improved crop growth parameters.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Growth parameters were significantly improved by the treatment (T2–T5).”
e1“germination and crop growth”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 produced the longest roots, 51 ± 0.37 cm, compared with T1.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to control T1, treatment T5 (10 % papermill effluent + G2 sps @ 7.5 %) exhibited the longest roots (51 ± 0.37 cm) and shoots (34 ± 0.35 cm), remarkable seed vigor index (26.88 ± 0.30) and a high germination percentage (96 ± 0.06 %).”
e1“germination and crop growth”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 produced shoots of 34 ± 0.35 cm compared with T1.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to control T1, treatment T5 (10 % papermill effluent + G2 sps @ 7.5 %) exhibited the longest roots (51 ± 0.37 cm) and shoots (34 ± 0.35 cm), remarkable seed vigor index (26.88 ± 0.30) and a high germination percentage (96 ± 0.06 %).”
e1“germination and crop growth”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 produced a seed vigor index of 26.88 ± 0.30 compared with T1.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to control T1, treatment T5 (10 % papermill effluent + G2 sps @ 7.5 %) exhibited the longest roots (51 ± 0.37 cm) and shoots (34 ± 0.35 cm), remarkable seed vigor index (26.88 ± 0.30) and a high germination percentage (96 ± 0.06 %).”
e1“germination and crop growth”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 produced germination of 96 ± 0.06% compared with T1.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to control T1, treatment T5 (10 % papermill effluent + G2 sps @ 7.5 %) exhibited the longest roots (51 ± 0.37 cm) and shoots (34 ± 0.35 cm), remarkable seed vigor index (26.88 ± 0.30) and a high germination percentage (96 ± 0.06 %).”
e1“germination and crop growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors supported using the seaweeds as organic fertilizers to enhance crop growth under difficult conditions.
Verbatim
e0“usage of these seaweeds as organic fertilizers in difficult environmental situations to enhance crop growth”