Abstract
This study uncovers a novel and environmentally sustainable method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing Cotula cinerea extract, a plant that has not been previously explored for nanoparticle (NP) fabrication. The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety). AgNPs extract spectra showed a sharp peak at 445.91 nm in UV-vis while X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflected the patterns of the face-centred cubic (fcc) and crystalline structure and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study revealed that the NPs have an almost spherical and somewhat cuboidal morphology, with dimensions under 20 nm. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study revealed an average particle size distribution of 15.128 nm, largely exhibiting a spherical morphology. The hydrodynamic diameter measured (DLS) indicated a particle size of 351.6 nm, which is much larger. Seeds were treated with 0, 20, 40, and 80 mg L-1 of AgNPs and exposed to 0 and 150 mM NaCl. At a concentration of 40 mg/L of AgNPs, germinability attained 90% under saline conditions, in contrast to 70% for the control group, while root length (RL) exhibited an 86% increase, measuring 7.28 cm compared to 3.9 cm in the control group. At a concentration of 20 mg/L of AgNPs, root fresh weight (RFW) increases from 0.04 to 0.06 g in saline conditions and from 0.06 to 0.09 g in the absence of salt. The control group exhibited a root number (RN) of 3.67, while plants treated with 20 mg/L demonstrated a significant increase to 5.54. Additionally, shoot length (SL) under saline stress reached 11.12 cm, compared to 8.26 cm in saline conditions. These findings underscore the potential of green synthesised AgNPs as an effective approach to enhance the salt tolerance of durum wheat and promote sustainable agriculture in saline conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs at 40 mg/L increased germinability under saline conditions to 90%, compared with 70% in the control group.
- Taxon
- durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durume0 - Treatment
- 40 mg/L of AgNPse1
- Outcome
- germinabilitye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 90%e1
- Qualifier
- 70%e1
- Comparator
- control groupe1
- Setting
- saline conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“At a concentration of 40 mg/L of AgNPs, germinability attained 90% under saline conditions, in contrast to 70% for the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs at 40 mg/L increased root length by 86%, to 7.28 cm compared with 3.9 cm in the control group.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- 40 mg/L of AgNPse1
- Outcome
- root length (RL)e2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 86%e2
- Qualifier
- 3.9 cme2
- Comparator
- control groupe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“At a concentration of 40 mg/L of AgNPs, germinability attained 90% under saline conditions, in contrast to 70% for the control group”
e2“while root length (RL) exhibited an 86% increase, measuring 7.28 cm compared to 3.9 cm in the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs at 20 mg/L increased root fresh weight under saline conditions from 0.04 to 0.06 g.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- 20 mg/L of AgNPse1
- Outcome
- root fresh weighte1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 0.04 to 0.06 ge1
- Setting
- saline conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“At a concentration of 20 mg/L of AgNPs, root fresh weight (RFW) increases from 0.04 to 0.06 g in saline conditions and from 0.06 to 0.09 g in the absence of salt”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs at 20 mg/L increased root fresh weight in the absence of salt from 0.06 to 0.09 g.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- 20 mg/L of AgNPse1
- Outcome
- root fresh weighte1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 0.06 to 0.09 ge1
- Setting
- absence of salte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“At a concentration of 20 mg/L of AgNPs, root fresh weight (RFW) increases from 0.04 to 0.06 g in saline conditions and from 0.06 to 0.09 g in the absence of salt”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs at 20 mg/L significantly increased root number to 5.54, compared with 3.67 in the control group.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- 20 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- root number (RN)e1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 5.54e1
- Qualifier
- 3.67e1
- Comparator
- control groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“The control group exhibited a root number (RN) of 3.67, while plants treated with 20 mg/L demonstrated a significant increase to 5.54”
Claim · model-written summary
Under saline stress, shoot length reached 11.12 cm, versus 8.26 cm for the saline-conditions comparison as written.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- saline stresse1
- Outcome
- shoot length (SL)e1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 11.12 cme1
- Qualifier
- 8.26 cme1
- Comparator
- saline conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study is to evaluate the efficacy of a nano primer in mitigating salt stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf Boussalem variety)”
e1“Additionally, shoot length (SL) under saline stress reached 11.12 cm, compared to 8.26 cm in saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNPs made with Cotula cinerea extract show a sharp UV-vis peak at 445.91 nm.
- Taxon
- Cotula cinereaCotula cinereae0
- Outcome
- sharp peake1
- Value
- 445.91 nme1
Verbatim
e0“utilizing Cotula cinerea extract”
e1“AgNPs extract spectra showed a sharp peak at 445.91 nm in UV-vis”
Claim · model-written summary
XRD of the Cotula cinerea AgNPs reflected a face-centred cubic and crystalline structure.
- Taxon
- Cotula cinereaCotula cinereae0
- Outcome
- patterns of the face-centred cubic (fcc) and crystalline structuree1
Verbatim
e0“utilizing Cotula cinerea extract”
e1“X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflected the patterns of the face-centred cubic (fcc) and crystalline structure”
Claim · model-written summary
SEM shows Cotula cinerea AgNPs with almost spherical and somewhat cuboidal morphology and dimensions under 20 nm.
- Taxon
- Cotula cinereaCotula cinereae0
- Outcome
- morphologye1
- Value
- under 20 nme1
- Qualifier
- almost spherical and somewhat cuboidale1
Verbatim
e0“utilizing Cotula cinerea extract”
e1“the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study revealed that the NPs have an almost spherical and somewhat cuboidal morphology, with dimensions under 20 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
TEM gives an average particle size of 15.128 nm for the Cotula cinerea AgNPs.
- Taxon
- Cotula cinereaCotula cinereae0
- Outcome
- average particle size distributione1
- Value
- 15.128 nme1
Verbatim
e0“utilizing Cotula cinerea extract”
e1“The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study revealed an average particle size distribution of 15.128 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
DLS gives a hydrodynamic diameter of 351.6 nm for the Cotula cinerea AgNPs.
- Taxon
- Cotula cinereaCotula cinereae0
- Outcome
- hydrodynamic diametere1
- Value
- 351.6 nme1
Verbatim
e0“utilizing Cotula cinerea extract”
e1“The hydrodynamic diameter measured (DLS) indicated a particle size of 351.6 nm”
The same questions in other papers
silver nanoparticle · growth · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salinity · growth · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.