Abstract
Seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana is largely controlled by a set of transcription factors (TFs) called LAFL, including LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (LEC2). In this study, we investigated the structure/function relationships of the protein LEC2 outside the well-described B3 DNA-binding domain. The results presented here unveil the presence of transcription activation domains (ADs) within the unstructured ends of the protein that are conserved in eudicots. Expression in both yeast and moss protoplasts of deleted and mutated versions of LEC2 confirmed the transcriptional activity of these ADs. Surprisingly, the expression of LEC2 variants lacking their ADs restored a wild-type seed phenotype in lec2 mutant, showing that these ADs are not essential for LEC2 function in seed development. Moreover, ZmAFL2/ZmABI19, a maize B3 factor related to LEC2 but deprived of N-ter AD, can also complement lec2 seed phenotype and induce abnormal vegetative development when overexpressed in Arabidopsis, supporting this observation. This work suggests that LEC2 can act both as a classical transcriptional activator or without transactivation activity, probably through its interaction with the pioneer factor LEC1. Taken together, the results provide important insights into the function of the LAFL master regulators during seed development, from cell differentiation to storage accumulation in seed.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
LEC2 has activation domains at its unstructured ends conserved in eudicots.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Gene
- LEC2e2
- Outcome
- transcription activation domains (ADs) within the unstructured ends of the proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transcription activation domains (ADs) within the unstructured ends of the protein that are conserved in eudicots.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e2“the protein LEC2”
Claim · model-written summary
Deleted and mutated LEC2 versions confirmed activation domain transcriptional activity in yeast and moss protoplasts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- deleted and mutated versions of LEC2e0
- Gene
- LEC2e0
- Outcome
- transcriptional activity of these ADse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression in both yeast and moss protoplasts of deleted and mutated versions of LEC2 confirmed the transcriptional activity of these ADs.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
LEC2 variants lacking activation domains restored the wild-type seed phenotype in the lec2 mutant.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- LEC2 variants lacking their ADse0
- Gene
- LEC2e0
- Outcome
- wild-type seed phenotypee0
- Comparator
- lec2 mutante0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of LEC2 variants lacking their ADs restored a wild-type seed phenotype in lec2 mutant”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize ZmAFL2/ZmABI19 complemented the lec2 seed phenotype.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ZmAFL2/ZmABI19e0
- Gene
- ZmAFL2/ZmABI19e0
- Outcome
- complement lec2 seed phenotypee0
- Comparator
- lec2 seed phenotypee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmAFL2/ZmABI19, a maize B3 factor related to LEC2 but deprived of N-ter AD, can also complement lec2 seed phenotype”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressed ZmAFL2/ZmABI19 induced abnormal vegetative development in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- overexpressede0
- Gene
- ZmAFL2/ZmABI19e2
- Outcome
- abnormal vegetative developmente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“induce abnormal vegetative development when overexpressed in Arabidopsis”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e2“ZmAFL2/ZmABI19”
Claim · model-written summary
LEC2 may act through a classical activation mode or without transactivation, perhaps via LEC1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- LEC2e0
- Outcome
- classical transcriptional activator or without transactivation activitye0
- Qualifier
- interaction with the pioneer factor LEC1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LEC2 can act both as a classical transcriptional activator or without transactivation activity, probably through its interaction with the pioneer factor LEC1.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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