Abstract
ABSTRACT The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major early‐season pest in apple orchards. While petroleum spray oils (PSOs) are commonly applied at the delayed dormant stage to control San José scale and European red mite, their effect on A. pomi remains unclear. This study assessed the ovicidal and larvicidal efficacy of 2% PSO applications at the delayed dormant/green tip stage. Laboratory and field assays demonstrated substantial suppression of egg hatch, with cumulative hatch reduced to 9.90% ± 0.57% (laboratory assay) and 9.62% ± 0.71% (field evaluation) in treated shoots. Survival analyses revealed significantly higher mortality risk for treated eggs. Direct toxicity trials on nymphs showed mortality rates of 69.9% ± 1.95% in field conditions and > 99% in lab dip assays by 5 days after treatment. Residual toxicity assays indicated cumulative mortality reaching 64.07% ± 2.74% by 2 days post‐exposure, confirming efficacy even after drying. Field trials further revealed that PSO significantly reduced bud infestation by A. pomi (5.22% ± 0.54%) compared to the untreated control (19.04% ± 2.34%), with enhanced suppression observed when combined with imidacloprid (0.29% ± 0.14%). These findings underscore the potential of PSO as both a standalone and synergistic agent in aphid management. This is the first detailed report on the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of PSOs against A. pomi , supporting its inclusion in sustainable, early‐season integrated pest management programmes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Laboratory assays showed that 2% petroleum spray oil reduced cumulative egg hatch of Aphis pomi to 9.90% ± 0.57%.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- 2% PSO applications at the delayed dormant/green tip stagee2
- Interactor
- Aphis pomi
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Aphis pomie0pest - Outcome
- cumulative hatche3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 9.90% ± 0.57%e3
- Setting
- laboratory assaye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e2“This study assessed the ovicidal and larvicidal efficacy of 2% PSO applications at the delayed dormant/green tip stage”
e3“cumulative hatch reduced to 9.90% ± 0.57% (laboratory assay) and 9.62% ± 0.71% (field evaluation) in treated shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Field evaluation showed that 2% petroleum spray oil reduced cumulative egg hatch of Aphis pomi to 9.62% ± 0.71% in treated shoots.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 2% PSO applications at the delayed dormant/green tip stagee2
- Interactor
- Aphis pomiAphis pomie0pest
- Outcome
- cumulative hatche3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 9.62% ± 0.71%e3
- Setting
- field evaluatione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e2“This study assessed the ovicidal and larvicidal efficacy of 2% PSO applications at the delayed dormant/green tip stage”
e3“cumulative hatch reduced to 9.90% ± 0.57% (laboratory assay) and 9.62% ± 0.71% (field evaluation) in treated shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated Aphis pomi eggs had a significantly higher mortality risk.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- treated eggse4
- Interactor
- Aphis pomiAphis pomie0pest
- Outcome
- mortality riske4
- Direction
- highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e4“Survival analyses revealed significantly higher mortality risk for treated eggs”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct toxicity on Aphis pomi nymphs in field conditions gave mortality rates of 69.9% ± 1.95%.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Aphis pomiAphis pomie0pest
- Outcome
- mortality ratese5
- Value
- 69.9% ± 1.95%e5
- Setting
- field conditionse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e5“Direct toxicity trials on nymphs showed mortality rates of 69.9% ± 1.95% in field conditions and > 99% in lab dip assays by 5 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct toxicity on Aphis pomi nymphs in lab dip assays gave mortality above 99% by 5 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Aphis pomiAphis pomie0pest
- Outcome
- mortality ratese5
- Value
- > 99%e5
- Setting
- lab dip assayse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e5“Direct toxicity trials on nymphs showed mortality rates of 69.9% ± 1.95% in field conditions and > 99% in lab dip assays by 5 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual toxicity of petroleum spray oil on Aphis pomi nymphs reached cumulative mortality of 64.07% ± 2.74% by 2 days and remained effective after drying.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Aphis pomiAphis pomie0pest
- Outcome
- cumulative mortalitye6
- Value
- 64.07% ± 2.74%e6
- Qualifier
- even after dryinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e0“The green apple aphid ( Aphis pomi De Geer) is a major”
e6“Residual toxicity assays indicated cumulative mortality reaching 64.07% ± 2.74% by 2 days post‐exposure, confirming efficacy even after drying”
Claim · model-written summary
Petroleum spray oil significantly reduced bud infestation by Aphis pomi to 5.22% ± 0.54%, compared with 19.04% ± 2.34% in the untreated control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- PSOe7
- Interactor
- A. pomiAphis pomie7pest
- Outcome
- bud infestatione7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 5.22% ± 0.54%e7
- Qualifier
- 19.04% ± 2.34%e7
- Comparator
- untreated controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e7“Field trials further revealed that PSO significantly reduced bud infestation by A. pomi (5.22% ± 0.54%) compared to the untreated control (19.04% ± 2.34%), with enhanced suppression observed when combined with imidacloprid (0.29% ± 0.14%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding imidacloprid to petroleum spray oil enhanced suppression of Aphis pomi bud infestation, with 0.29% ± 0.14% infestation.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride7
- Interactor
- A. pomiAphis pomie7pest
- Outcome
- suppressione7
- Direction
- enhancede7
- Value
- 0.29% ± 0.14%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e7“Field trials further revealed that PSO significantly reduced bud infestation by A. pomi (5.22% ± 0.54%) compared to the untreated control (19.04% ± 2.34%), with enhanced suppression observed when combined with imidacloprid (0.29% ± 0.14%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Petroleum spray oil is a potential standalone and synergistic agent for early-season aphid management in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- standalone and synergistic agent in aphid managemente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Apple Orchards”
e1“These findings underscore the potential of PSO as both a standalone and synergistic agent in aphid management”
The same questions in other papers
imidacloprid · Aphis pomi · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.