Abstract
During autumn season of 2023, a field experiment was carried out in Baghdad governorate, (33°24'58.6"N44°21'23.6"E). The aims were to investigate the response of three Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) varieties (Rabah, Kafeer and Enqaz), to foliar application of three gibberellic acid (GA3) concentration, control, 50, 100, or 200 mg L-1 and their interaction on growth properties and yield. The experiment design was factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results revealed that Enqath presented superior performance in terms of days number to 75% flowering (54.25 days), plant height (166.67 cm), leaf area (3103.3 cm²) and leaf area index (4.213). On the other hand, Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves (12.17), number of grains per ear (2241.92), 1000-grain weight (24.92 g), plant yield (27.42 g) and total grain yield (4.39 t ha-1). The results showed that GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1 was the most effective for all traits measured, shortest time to 75% flowering (53.44 days), plant height (167.11 cm), highest leaf area (3098.2 cm²), greatest leaf area index (5.007), maximum number of grains per ear (2242.78), highest 1000-grain weight (25.00 g), best plant yield (27.56 g), and highest total grain yield (4.31 t ha-1). For the interaction results, foliar application of 200 mg L-1 on Enqath variety gave the maximum average of days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves number, highest number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, plant yield and total grain yield by 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1, 2247.00, 29.00 g, 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Enqath had the best 75% flowering time, at 54.25 days.
- Material
- Enqathe0
- Outcome
- days number to 75% floweringe0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 54.25 dayse0
- Setting
- Baghdad governoratee1
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enqath presented superior performance in terms of days number to 75% flowering (54.25 days)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Baghdad governorate”
Claim · model-written summary
Enqath plant height was 166.67 cm and superior among varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height (166.67 cm)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Enqath presented superior performance”
Claim · model-written summary
Enqath leaf area was 3103.3 cm² and superior among varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area (3103.3 cm²)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Enqath presented superior performance”
Claim · model-written summary
Enqath leaf area index was 4.213 and superior among varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area index (4.213)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Enqath presented superior performance”
Claim · model-written summary
Kafeer had the highest leaf count, 12.17.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves (12.17)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Kafeer had the highest grains per ear, 2241.92.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of grains per ear (2241.92)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kafeer had the highest thousand-grain weight, 24.92 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1000-grain weight (24.92 g)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kafeer had the highest plant yield, 27.42 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant yield (27.42 g)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kafeer had the highest total grain yield, 4.39 t ha-1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total grain yield (4.39 t ha-1)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the shortest time to 75% flowering, 53.44 days.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shortest time to 75% flowering (53.44 days)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 produced plant height of 167.11 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height (167.11 cm)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1 was the most effective”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the highest leaf area, 3098.2 cm².
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest leaf area (3098.2 cm²)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the greatest leaf area index, 5.007.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greatest leaf area index (5.007)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the maximum grains per ear, 2242.78.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum number of grains per ear (2242.78)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the highest thousand-grain weight, 25.00 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest 1000-grain weight (25.00 g)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the best plant yield, 27.56 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“best plant yield (27.56 g)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mgL-1 gave the highest total grain yield, 4.31 t ha-1.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest total grain yield (4.31 t ha-1)”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
e1“GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mg L-1 on Enqath gave 50.00 days to 75% flowering and 17.00 leaves per plant.
- Material
- Enqathe0
- Treatment
- foliar application of 200 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves numbere0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of 200 mg L-1 on Enqath variety gave the maximum average of days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves number, highest number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, plant yield and total grain yield by 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1, 2247.00, 29.00 g, 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mg L-1 on Enqath gave 2247.00 grains per ear and 29.00 g thousand-grain weight.
- Material
- Enqathe0
- Treatment
- foliar application of 200 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2247.00, 29.00 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of 200 mg L-1 on Enqath variety gave the maximum average of days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves number, highest number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, plant yield and total grain yield by 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1, 2247.00, 29.00 g, 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 200 mg L-1 on Enqath gave 31.33 g plant yield and 4.76 t ha-1 total grain yield.
- Material
- Enqathe0
- Treatment
- foliar application of 200 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- plant yield and total grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of 200 mg L-1 on Enqath variety gave the maximum average of days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves number, highest number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, plant yield and total grain yield by 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1, 2247.00, 29.00 g, 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1”
t0“Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)”
The same questions in other papers
application · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results
80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
84 papers more in this group
See all 88 papers →application · phenology · SorghumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.