Abstract
Streptomyces alfalfae 5406 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium widely used as a microbial fertilizer in agricultural production. However, the mechanisms of action and the detailed composition of its bioactive compounds remain unclear. This study analyzed the hormone-like substances produced by S. alfalfae 5406 and confirmed its plant growth-promoting effects using banana seedlings. The results showed that 1% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation broth significantly promoted banana seedling growth, while 10% inhibited growth. Hormonomics analysis using UPLC-MS-MS revealed the presence of various plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA). Plate antagonism assays demonstrated that S. alfalfae 5406 and its sterile supernatant could strongly inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum, a causal agent of bacterial wilt. SA produced by S. alfalfae 5406 also showed significant inhibition of R. solanacearum, suggesting that SA plays a potential role in disease resistance mediated by strain 5406. In addition to the well-known indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), this study is the first to report that S. alfalfae 5406 produces indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), which significantly enhances plant growth by promoting root branching, root elongation, and shoot development. Together, these findings improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which S. alfalfae 5406 promotes plant growth and confers disease resistance, laying a foundation for its broader application in sustainable agriculture.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Banana seedling growth was significantly promoted by 1% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation broth.
- Taxon
- bananae0
- Treatment
- 1% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation brothe0
- Interactor
- S. alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaee0other
- Outcome
- banana seedling growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“1% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation broth significantly promoted banana seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Banana seedling growth was inhibited by 10% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation broth.
- Taxon
- bananae0
- Treatment
- 10%e0
- Interactor
- S. alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaee0other
- Outcome
- banana seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“1% S. alfalfae 5406 fermentation broth significantly promoted banana seedling growth, while 10% inhibited growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormonomics analysis by UPLC-MS-MS revealed that S. alfalfae 5406 produces various plant hormones including auxin, cytokinin, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid.
- Taxon
- Streptomyces alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaet0
- Outcome
- presence of various plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)e0
Verbatim
e0“Hormonomics analysis using UPLC-MS-MS revealed the presence of various plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
t0“Streptomyces alfalfae 5406”
Claim · model-written summary
S. alfalfae 5406 and its sterile supernatant strongly inhibited the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum in plate antagonism assays.
- Taxon
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0 - Treatment
- S. alfalfae 5406 and its sterile supernatante0
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- S. alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of Ralstonia solanacearume0
- Direction
- strongly inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plate antagonism assays demonstrated that S. alfalfae 5406 and its sterile supernatant could strongly inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid produced by S. alfalfae 5406 significantly inhibited R. solanacearum.
- Taxon
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0
- Treatment
- SA produced by S. alfalfae 5406e0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- S. alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inhibition of R. solanacearume0
- Direction
- significant inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA produced by S. alfalfae 5406 also showed significant inhibition of R. solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that salicylic acid plays a potential role in disease resistance mediated by strain 5406.
- Taxon
- Streptomyces alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaet0
- Compound
- SAe0
- Outcome
- disease resistancee0
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that SA plays a potential role in disease resistance mediated by strain 5406”
t0“Streptomyces alfalfae 5406”
Claim · model-written summary
This study is the first to report that S. alfalfae 5406 produces indole-3-lactic acid (ILA).
- Taxon
- Streptomyces alfalfae 5406Streptomyces alfalfaet0
- Outcome
- produces indole-3-lactic acid (ILA)e0
Verbatim
e0“this study is the first to report that S. alfalfae 5406 produces indole-3-lactic acid (ILA)”
t0“Streptomyces alfalfae 5406”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-lactic acid significantly enhanced plant growth by promoting root branching, root elongation and shoot development.
- Taxon
- plante0
- Treatment
- indole-3-lactic acid (ILA)e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- enhancese0
- Qualifier
- root branching, root elongation, and shoot developmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), which significantly enhances plant growth by promoting root branching, root elongation, and shoot development”
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