Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important food and oilseed crop, providing protein and oil for human and animal consumption. Despite its nutritional value and economic importance, soybean production in Pakistan remains low due to various factors, including inefficient nutrient management. This study investigated the effects of Uni-bioactive Sulfur, Uni-bioactive Silica, and a cocktail micronutrient mixture on soybean growth and yield under the climatic conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatments included a control plot (T0), Uni-bioactive Sulfur drenching (T1), Uni-bioactive Silica mixture drenching (T2), cocktail micronutrient mixture application (T3), a combination of Uni-bioactive Sulfur and Silica drenching (T4), and a combination of all three treatments (T5). Various growth and yield parameters were recorded, including plant population, days to flowering, number of leaves and branches per plant, stem diameter, plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length, 100-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. The results showed that the combined application of Uni-bio active Sulfur, Uni-bioactive Silica, and the micronutrient cocktail (T5) significantly improved most of the growth and yield parameters compared to control and individual treatments. T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields. The study highlights the importance of balanced nutrient management in enhancing soybean productivity and suggests that the combined application of sulfur, silica, and micronutrients can be an effective strategy for improving soybean growth and yield in Pakistan.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Combined T5 significantly improved most growth and yield parameters versus control and single treatments.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- combined application of Uni-bio active Sulfur, Uni-bioactive Silica, and the micronutrient cocktail (T5)e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- control and individual treatmentse0
- Setting
- Faisalabad, Pakistane2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined application of Uni-bio active Sulfur, Uni-bioactive Silica, and the micronutrient cocktail (T5) significantly improved most of the growth and yield parameters compared to control and individual treatments”
t0“Soybean”
e2“under the climatic conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the shortest time to flower initiation and completion.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e0
- Outcome
- time to flower initiation and completione0
- Direction
- shorteste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the highest numbers of leaves and branches per plant.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- number of leaves and branches per plante0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest number of leaves and branches per plant”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 produced the tallest plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- tallest plantse0
- Direction
- talleste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tallest plants”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the maximum pods per plant.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum number of pods per plant”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the greatest pod length.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- pod lengthe0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the greatest pod length”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the highest 100-grain weight.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- 100-grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest 100-grain weight”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the highest biological yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- biologicale0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest biological and grain yields”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 had the highest grain yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- T5e1
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest biological and grain yields”
t0“Soybean”
e1“T5 exhibited the shortest time to flower initiation and completion, the highest number of leaves and branches per plant, the tallest plants, the maximum number of pods per plant, the greatest pod length, the highest 100-grain weight, and the highest biological and grain yields.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest combined sulfur, silica and micronutrients to improve soybean production.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- combined application of sulfur, silica, and micronutrientse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggests that the combined application of sulfur, silica, and micronutrients can be an effective strategy for improving soybean growth and yield in Pakistan”
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sulfur atom · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- negative
- negative
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See all 92 papers →silicon dioxide · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
micronutrient · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
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See all 51 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.