Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of two organic and one conventional management practices on the production and quality of fruit and seed from two native and one commercial tomato varieties. Design/Methodology/Approach: The evaluated treatments included three substrate mixtures: vermicompost + tezontle (3 mm) at a 70:30 v/v ratio (S1), vermicompost + tezontle (5 mm) at a 50:50 v/v ratio (S2), and 100% tezontle (5 mm) (S3). Treatments S1 and S2 were completely organic (fertilized with bat guano and hydrolyzed fish), while S3 was fertilized with the Steiner solution. The following tomato varieties were used: Moneymaker (V1), Campeche 40 (V2), and Riñón (V3). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 120 days. Results: indicated that the highest fruit yield was obtained with the S3 × V1 combination (2.7 kg plant-1). However, the S2 substrate produced fruits of superior quality, with a firmness of 7.74 N, a titratable acidity of 0.83%, and total soluble solids of 6.87 °Brix, similar to S1. Vitamin C content did not significantly differ between substrates. V3 recorded higher values in titratable acidity (0.94%), vitamin C content (4.1 mg/100 g), and total soluble solids (6.91 °Brix) than the other varieties. Regarding seed quality, S2 and S3 yielded superior physical and physiological characteristics, including 92 and 95% germination percentages, respectively. Likewise, they had an emergence speed of 2.9 and 3.3 radicles/d-1 in aged seeds, respectively. Findings/Conclusions: These findings suggest that the S2 mixture could be recommended for the commercial organic production of tomatoes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
S3 with Moneymaker produced the highest fruit yield, 2.7 kg per plant.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- S3 × V1e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.7 kg plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest fruit yield was obtained with the S3 × V1 combination (2.7 kg plant-1)”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S2 fruit firmness was superior, at 7.74 N.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S2 substratee0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 7.74 Ne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S2 substrate produced fruits of superior quality, with a firmness of 7.74 N”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S2 fruit titratable acidity was superior at 0.83%, similar to S1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S2 substratee0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.83%e0
- Comparator
- S1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S2 substrate produced fruits of superior quality, with a firmness of 7.74 N, a titratable acidity of 0.83%, and total soluble solids of 6.87 °Brix, similar to S1”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S2 total soluble solids were superior at 6.87 °Brix, similar to S1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S2 substratee0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 6.87 °Brixe0
- Comparator
- S1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S2 substrate produced fruits of superior quality, with a firmness of 7.74 N, a titratable acidity of 0.83%, and total soluble solids of 6.87 °Brix, similar to S1”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin C content did not differ significantly among substrates.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- substratese0
- Outcome
- Vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- did not significantly differe0
- Comparator
- between substratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vitamin C content did not significantly differ between substrates.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Riñón had higher titratable acidity, 0.94%, than other varieties.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- V3e0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.94%e0
- Comparator
- the other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V3 recorded higher values in titratable acidity (0.94%), vitamin C content (4.1 mg/100 g), and total soluble solids (6.91 °Brix) than the other varieties.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Riñón had higher vitamin C, 4.1 mg/100 g, than other varieties.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- V3e0
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.1 mg/100 ge0
- Comparator
- the other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V3 recorded higher values in titratable acidity (0.94%), vitamin C content (4.1 mg/100 g), and total soluble solids (6.91 °Brix) than the other varieties.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Riñón had higher soluble solids, 6.91 °Brix, than other varieties.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- V3e0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6.91 °Brixe0
- Comparator
- the other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V3 recorded higher values in titratable acidity (0.94%), vitamin C content (4.1 mg/100 g), and total soluble solids (6.91 °Brix) than the other varieties.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S2 seeds had superior germination of 92%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S2e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 92e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S2 and S3 yielded superior physical and physiological characteristics, including 92 and 95% germination percentages, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S3 seeds had superior germination of 95%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S3e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S2 and S3 yielded superior physical and physiological characteristics, including 92 and 95% germination percentages, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
S2 aged seeds had emergence speed of 2.9 radicles per day.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- aged seedse0
- Treatment
- S2e1
- Outcome
- emergence speede0
- Value
- 2.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they had an emergence speed of 2.9 and 3.3 radicles/d-1 in aged seeds, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“S2 and S3 yielded superior physical and physiological characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
S3 aged seeds had emergence speed of 3.3 radicles per day.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- aged seedse0
- Treatment
- S3e1
- Outcome
- emergence speede0
- Value
- 3.3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they had an emergence speed of 2.9 and 3.3 radicles/d-1 in aged seeds, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“S2 and S3 yielded superior physical and physiological characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend S2 for commercial organic tomato production.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- S2 mixturee0
- Outcome
- commercial organic production of tomatoese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S2 mixture could be recommended for the commercial organic production of tomatoes.”
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