Paper · 2025 · The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences

FOLIAR FERTILIZER APPLICATION: EFFECTS ON AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND ESSENTIAL OIL PROFILE ACROSS DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES

15
claims
27
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of various foliar organic fertilizers (plant-based amino acid, animal-based amino acid, and seaweed extract) on the agronomic performance and essential oil composition of commercially important Mint (Mentha) plant species: Mentha arvensis, Mentha piperita, and Mentha spicata.The experiment was laid out under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons.Significant variations in dried leaf yield, essential oil content, and composition have been observed among the mint species used in the study and the different foliar fertilizer treatments.Species fertilizer combinations exhibited improvements in the examined traits compared to species control applications, dried leaf yield from 14.17% to 32.14%, and essential oil content from 7.72% to 17.79%.The essential oil composition exhibited notable variations depending on the species.The menthol content ranged from 58.75% to 66.29% in Mentha arvensis, from 30.40% to 52.23% in Mentha piperita (Mitcham, Multimentha, Swiss), and carvone varied between 31.70% and 44.12% in Mentha spicata.Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among yield traits and a strong correlation between essential oil content and essential oil yield.Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 97.4% of the total variance and clearly separated Mentha species fertilizer combinations based on agronomic performance, essential oil content, and yield.Mentha arvensis fertilizer combinations excelled in essential oil content and yield, while Mentha piperita Multimentha fertilizer combinations excelled in agronomic traits.The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Mentha arvensis T3 combination, while the highest dried leaf yield was recorded for Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combination.These findings emphasize the necessity of selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatments to optimize yield and essential oil quality, thereby enhancing the economic potential of mint cultivation.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Species–fertilizer combinations increased dried leaf yield from 14.17% to 32.14% over species control.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Treatment
Species fertilizer combinationse0
Outcome
dried leaf yielde0
Direction
increaseinferrede0
Value
from 14.17% to 32.14%e0
Comparator
species control applicationse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Species fertilizer combinations exhibited improvements in the examined traits compared to species control applications, dried leaf yield from 14.17% to 32.14%, and essential oil content from 7.72% to 17.79%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 641–847 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Species–fertilizer combinations increased essential oil content from 7.72% to 17.79% over species control.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Treatment
Species fertilizer combinationse0
Outcome
essential oil contente0
Direction
increaseinferrede0
Value
from 7.72% to 17.79%e0
Comparator
species control applicationse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Species fertilizer combinations exhibited improvements in the examined traits compared to species control applications, dried leaf yield from 14.17% to 32.14%, and essential oil content from 7.72% to 17.79%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 641–847 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Dried leaf yield, essential oil content and composition varied significantly among mint species and fertilizer treatments.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Treatment
different foliar fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
dried leaf yield, essential oil content, and compositione1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Significant variations in dried leaf yield, essential oil content, and composition have been observed among the mint species used in the study and the different foliar fertilizer treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 451–640 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha arvensis menthol content ranged from 58.75% to 66.29%.

Taxon
Mentha arvensisMentha arvensise2
Outcome
menthol contente2
Value
from 58.75% to 66.29%e2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha arvensis
Mentha arvensis · TaxonMichael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“The menthol content ranged from 58.75% to 66.29% in Mentha arvensis, from 30.40% to 52.23% in Mentha piperita (Mitcham, Multimentha, Swiss), and carvone varied between 31.70% and 44.12% in Mentha spicata”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 932–1135 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha piperita menthol content ranged from 30.40% to 52.23% across Mitcham, Multimentha and Swiss.

Taxon
Mentha piperitaMentha ×piperitae2
Material
Mitcham, Multimentha, Swisse2
Outcome
menthol contente2
Value
from 30.40% to 52.23%e2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha x piperita
Mentha ×piperita · TaxonOwn work · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“The menthol content ranged from 58.75% to 66.29% in Mentha arvensis, from 30.40% to 52.23% in Mentha piperita (Mitcham, Multimentha, Swiss), and carvone varied between 31.70% and 44.12% in Mentha spicata”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 932–1135 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha spicata carvone varied between 31.70% and 44.12%.

Taxon
Mentha spicataMentha spicatae2
Outcome
carvonee2
Value
between 31.70% and 44.12%e2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha spicata
Mentha spicata · TaxonSimon Eugster -- Simon 13:07, 2 July 2006 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“The menthol content ranged from 58.75% to 66.29% in Mentha arvensis, from 30.40% to 52.23% in Mentha piperita (Mitcham, Multimentha, Swiss), and carvone varied between 31.70% and 44.12% in Mentha spicata”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 932–1135 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Essential oil composition varied notably depending on the mint species.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Outcome
essential oil compositione3
Qualifier
depending on the speciese3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“The essential oil composition exhibited notable variations depending on the species”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 848–931 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield traits were significantly positively correlated with each other.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Outcome
yield traitse4
Qualifier
significant positive correlations among yield traitse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among yield traits and a strong correlation between essential oil content and essential oil yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1136–1305 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Essential oil content showed a strong correlation with essential oil yield.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Outcome
essential oil contente4
Qualifier
strong correlatione4
Comparator
essential oil yielde4

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among yield traits and a strong correlation between essential oil content and essential oil yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1136–1305 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Principal component analysis explained 97.4% of the total variance.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Outcome
total variancee5
Value
97.4%e5
Qualifier
Principal component analysis (PCA)e5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 97.4% of the total variance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1306–1378 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha arvensis fertilizer combinations gave higher essential oil content and yield.

Taxon
Mentha arvensisMentha arvensise6
Treatment
Mentha arvensis fertilizer combinationse6
Outcome
essential oil content and yielde6
Direction
higherinferrede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha arvensis
Mentha arvensis · TaxonMichael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“Mentha arvensis fertilizer combinations excelled in essential oil content and yield, while Mentha piperita Multimentha fertilizer combinations excelled in agronomic traits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1505–1676 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha piperita Multimentha fertilizer combinations gave higher agronomic traits.

Taxon
Mentha piperitaMentha ×piperitae6
Treatment
Mentha piperita Multimentha fertilizer combinationse6
Outcome
agronomic traitse6
Direction
higherinferrede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha x piperita
Mentha ×piperita · TaxonOwn work · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“Mentha arvensis fertilizer combinations excelled in essential oil content and yield, while Mentha piperita Multimentha fertilizer combinations excelled in agronomic traits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1505–1676 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha arvensis T3 combination gave the highest essential oil yield.

Taxon
Mentha arvensisMentha arvensise7
Treatment
Mentha arvensis T3 combinatione7
Outcome
essential oil yielde7
Direction
higheste7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha arvensis
Mentha arvensis · TaxonMichael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Mentha arvensis T3 combination, while the highest dried leaf yield was recorded for Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combination. These findings emphasize the necessity of selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatments to optimize yield and essential oil quality”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 1677–2007 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combination gave the highest dried leaf yield.

Taxon
Mentha piperitaMentha ×piperitae7
Treatment
Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combinatione7
Outcome
dried leaf yielde7
Direction
higheste7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha x piperita
Mentha ×piperita · TaxonOwn work · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Mentha arvensis T3 combination, while the highest dried leaf yield was recorded for Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combination. These findings emphasize the necessity of selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatments to optimize yield and essential oil quality”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 1677–2007 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatments is necessary to optimize yield and essential oil quality.

Taxon
Mentha speciesMenthat0
Outcome
selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatmentse7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mentha
Mentha · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Mentha arvensis T3 combination, while the highest dried leaf yield was recorded for Mentha piperita Multimentha T4 combination. These findings emphasize the necessity of selecting appropriate mint species and foliar fertilizer treatments to optimize yield and essential oil quality”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 1677–2007 · show in text ↑
t0

“DIFFERENT MENTHA SPECIES”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–121 · show in text ↑

fertilization · quality: oil · Mentha (mints)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

fertilization · yield · Mentha (mints)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

fertilization · quality: oil · Mentha arvensis (wild mint)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.