Abstract
• Salt stress inhibits ionic-homeostasis, source-sink metabolism and yield. • Application of K + and ethylene mitigated the adverse impacts of salt stress. • K + and ethylene supplementation activated antioxidant defense system to reduce ROS. • Optimum K + and ethylene application overturned the negative impacts of salt stress. Significant reduction in crop yields has been caused due to salt-impacted soils. In order to meet hunger requirements, significant solutions are required for speeding up agricultural production even in salt-impacted soils. As salt stress reduces the uptake of potassium (K + ), replenishing the K + nutrition may serve as a tolerance mechanism. Therefore, the present study investigated the different K + levels (low, optimum, and excess) along with a stress hormone, ethylene in modulating plant responses under salt stress. The present results demonstrated that the interplay of ethylene and K + significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K + retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits. Additionally, ethylene and K + improved key pathways such as defense machinery, nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis along with secondary metabolites (lignin, cellulose, flavonoid and phenol) to overcome salt-induced adversities. The impacts posed by the interplay between ethylene and different K + levels depicted a variable mitigation of salt induced adversities. Conclusively, ethylene and optimum K + treatment best excruciated the salt-inhibited responses. Supplementation of norbonadiene (NBD, ethylene action inhibitor) further confirmed the role of interplay between ethylene and differential K + concentrations in mediating the salt stress responses. The present study pose as a significant strategy towards cultivar development programs to counter salt-inhibited constraints and paves way to ensure crop security.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium improved potassium retention under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- K + retentione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- salt induced inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interplay of ethylene and K + significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K + retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium improved chlorophyll biosynthesis under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll biosynthesise0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interplay of ethylene and K + significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K + retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium improved source-sink metabolism under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- source-sink metabolisme0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interplay of ethylene and K + significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K + retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium protected growth and yield traits under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield traitse0
- Direction
- protecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interplay of ethylene and K + significantly altered salt induced inhibition through improved K + retention, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and source-sink metabolism to protect growth and yield traits.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium improved defense machinery and nitric oxide biosynthesis under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- defense machinery, nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesise0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene and K + improved key pathways such as defense machinery, nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis along with secondary metabolites (lignin, cellulose, flavonoid and phenol) to overcome salt-induced adversities.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and potassium improved secondary metabolites under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and K +e0
- Outcome
- secondary metabolites (lignin, cellulose, flavonoid and phenol)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene and K + improved key pathways such as defense machinery, nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis along with secondary metabolites (lignin, cellulose, flavonoid and phenol) to overcome salt-induced adversities.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and optimum potassium best mitigated salt-inhibited responses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene and optimum K + treatmente0
- Outcome
- salt-inhibited responsese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene and optimum K + treatment best excruciated the salt-inhibited responses.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Norbonadiene supplementation confirmed ethylene-potassium interaction in salt-stress responses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- norbonadiene (NBD, ethylene action inhibitor)e0
- Outcome
- role of interplay between ethylene and differential K + concentrations in mediating the salt stress responsese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementation of norbonadiene (NBD, ethylene action inhibitor) further confirmed the role of interplay between ethylene and differential K + concentrations in mediating the salt stress responses.”
t0“wheat”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.