Abstract
Abstract Water scarcity is a critical environmental stress that profoundly constrains rice growth and productivity. Consequently, the development of drought-tolerant and high-yielding rice genotypes is of paramount importance to sustain rice production and safeguard global food security. This field-based study aimed to evaluate the physiological and agronomic performance of diverse advanced rice breeding lines to identify genotypes with high yield and drought tolerance. A set of 15 newly developed rice lines and three check cultivars were used to assess their physiological and agronomic responses under well-watered (WW) and water-deficit (WD) conditions over two consecutive growing seasons, 2022 and 2023. The results showed highly significant differences ( p < 0.01) among irrigation regimes, genotypes, and their interactions for all studied traits. Under WD conditions, there was a substantial decrease in chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), plant height, grain yield (GY), and yield attributes. On the other hand, leaf rolling, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and peroxidase), and sterility percentage were significantly increased compared to WW conditions. The genotypes L8, Sakha-107, and IRAT-170 had the best performance for chlorophyll content, RWC, and stomatal conductance under WD conditions, respectively. Additionally, L5 and L11 recorded the highest GY under WD conditions. The principal component analysis combined with correlation matrix analysis emphasized that both physiological traits (chlorophyll content, RWC, proline accumulation, peroxidase activity, and catalase activity) and agronomic traits (number of panicles per plant and GY) can be considered as effective selection criteria to improve productivity in rice breeding programs under limited water conditions. Notably, genotypes L5 and L11 demonstrated superior GY performance under water-deficit conditions, representing the most valuable genetic materials for drought-prone environments. These elite genetic resources constitute promising germplasm for introgression into breeding programs to enhance rice's drought resilience and maintain productivity under water-limited conditions.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation regime, genotype and their interaction significantly affected all studied traits of rice lines (p < 0.01).
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- irrigation regimese0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Value
- p < 0.01e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“The results showed highly significant differences ( p < 0.01) among irrigation regimes, genotypes, and their interactions for all studied traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water-deficit conditions, chlorophyll content and relative water content decreased substantially compared with well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- substantiale0
- Comparator
- WW conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“Under WD conditions, there was a substantial decrease in chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC)”
e1“compared to WW conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water-deficit conditions, plant height, grain yield and yield attributes decreased substantially compared with well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- plant height, grain yield (GY), and yield attributese0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- substantiale0
- Comparator
- WW conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“Under WD conditions, there was a substantial decrease in chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), plant height, grain yield (GY), and yield attributes”
e1“compared to WW conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water-deficit conditions, leaf rolling, proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and peroxidase) significantly increased compared with well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- leaf rolling, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and peroxidase)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- WW conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“Under WD conditions”
e1“On the other hand, leaf rolling, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and peroxidase), and sterility percentage were significantly increased compared to WW conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water-deficit conditions, sterility percentage significantly increased compared with well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- sterility percentagee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- WW conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“Under WD conditions”
e1“On the other hand, leaf rolling, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and peroxidase), and sterility percentage were significantly increased compared to WW conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype L8 had the best performance for chlorophyll content under water-deficit conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- L8e0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“The genotypes L8, Sakha-107, and IRAT-170 had the best performance for chlorophyll content, RWC, and stomatal conductance under WD conditions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype Sakha-107 had the best performance for relative water content under water-deficit conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha-107e0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- RWCe0
- Direction
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“The genotypes L8, Sakha-107, and IRAT-170 had the best performance for chlorophyll content, RWC, and stomatal conductance under WD conditions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype IRAT-170 had the best performance for stomatal conductance under water-deficit conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IRAT-170e0
- Treatment
- WD conditionse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“The genotypes L8, Sakha-107, and IRAT-170 had the best performance for chlorophyll content, RWC, and stomatal conductance under WD conditions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype L5 recorded the highest grain yield under water-deficit conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“L5 and L11 recorded the highest GY under WD conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype L11 recorded the highest grain yield under water-deficit conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice lines”
e0“L5 and L11 recorded the highest GY under WD conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Physiological and agronomic traits can be considered effective selection criteria to improve rice productivity under limited water (author recommendation).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- effective selection criteriae0
- Qualifier
- under limited water conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can be considered as effective selection criteria to improve productivity in rice breeding programs under limited water conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The elite rice genetic resources are promising germplasm for introgression to enhance drought resilience (author recommendation).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- drought resiliencee0
- Qualifier
- promising germplasm for introgression into breeding programse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These elite genetic resources constitute promising germplasm for introgression into breeding programs to enhance rice's drought resilience”