Abstract
Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW) is a real threat to food security and nutrition in the tropics. Studies show that the damage caused by FAW is severe on maize, resulting in yield losses (15–73%). This work is a contribution to the search for alternatives to chemical control of FAW. The trials were conducted at two localities: Ntui and Foumbot, during the rainy (RS) and dry (DS) seasons (2022–2023) using a completely randomized block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of control (T-), Gremec050WG as a positive control (T +), tobacco, Lantana camara , neem and Rapax. The results showed that plant extracts had an insecticidal effect on FAW infestations compared to the control. Gremec, tobacco and neem significantly reduced the infestation rate of FAW in Foumbot (RS: 16.67%, 20% and 25%; DS: 24.33%, 28.67% and 29%) and Ntui (RS: 12.23%, 15% and 20%; DS: 15.67%, 24,33% and 25%). Treatments with Gremec, tobacco and neem had a significant insecticidal effect on FAW damage compared with the control in both localities. The DS was more sensitive to FAW infestations. Foumbot was more susceptible to FAW (3.92) than Ntui (2.72). In Foumbot, Gremec, tobacco and neem resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control and other treatments in both the RS and DS. The highest gain yields (t/ha) were obtained with Gremec (2.93), tobacco (2.77) and neem (2.83). Tobacco and neem showed an insecticidal effect comparable to that observed with Gremec and can therefore constitute an alternative to chemical control and a sustainable management strategy for FAW.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Plant extracts reduced FAW infestations on maize relative to the control.
- Treatment
- plant extractse0
- Interactor
- FAWe0pest
- Outcome
- FAW infestationse0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e0“The results showed that plant extracts had an insecticidal effect on FAW infestations compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Gremec significantly reduced the FAW infestation rate on maize in Foumbot (16.67% in the rainy season).
- Treatment
- Gremece1
- Interactor
- FAWe1pest
- Outcome
- infestation rate of FAWe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 16.67%e1
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- Foumbote1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e0“The results showed that plant extracts had an insecticidal effect on FAW infestations compared to the control”
e1“Gremec, tobacco and neem significantly reduced the infestation rate of FAW in Foumbot (RS: 16.67%, 20% and 25%; DS: 24.33%, 28.67% and 29%) and Ntui (RS: 12.23%, 15% and 20%; DS: 15.67%, 24,33% and 25%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco significantly reduced the FAW infestation rate on maize in Foumbot (20% in the rainy season).
- Treatment
- tobaccoe1
- Interactor
- FAWe1pest
- Outcome
- infestation rate of FAWe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- Foumbote1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e0“The results showed that plant extracts had an insecticidal effect on FAW infestations compared to the control”
e1“Gremec, tobacco and neem significantly reduced the infestation rate of FAW in Foumbot (RS: 16.67%, 20% and 25%; DS: 24.33%, 28.67% and 29%) and Ntui (RS: 12.23%, 15% and 20%; DS: 15.67%, 24,33% and 25%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem significantly reduced the FAW infestation rate on maize in Foumbot (25% in the rainy season).
- Treatment
- neeme1
- Interactor
- FAWe1pest
- Outcome
- infestation rate of FAWe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 25%e1
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- Foumbote1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e0“The results showed that plant extracts had an insecticidal effect on FAW infestations compared to the control”
e1“Gremec, tobacco and neem significantly reduced the infestation rate of FAW in Foumbot (RS: 16.67%, 20% and 25%; DS: 24.33%, 28.67% and 29%) and Ntui (RS: 12.23%, 15% and 20%; DS: 15.67%, 24,33% and 25%)”
Claim · model-written summary
In Foumbot, Gremec resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control.
- Treatment
- Gremece4
- Outcome
- incidence of dead heartse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- the controle4
- Setting
- Foumbote4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e4“In Foumbot, Gremec, tobacco and neem resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control and other treatments in both the RS and DS”
Claim · model-written summary
In Foumbot, tobacco resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control.
- Treatment
- tobaccoe4
- Outcome
- incidence of dead heartse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- the controle4
- Setting
- Foumbote4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e4“In Foumbot, Gremec, tobacco and neem resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control and other treatments in both the RS and DS”
Claim · model-written summary
In Foumbot, neem resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control.
- Treatment
- neeme4
- Outcome
- incidence of dead heartse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- the controle4
- Setting
- Foumbote4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e4“In Foumbot, Gremec, tobacco and neem resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dead hearts than the control and other treatments in both the RS and DS”
Claim · model-written summary
The DS season was more sensitive to FAW infestations on maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e2“The DS was more sensitive to FAW infestations”
Claim · model-written summary
Foumbot was more susceptible to FAW than Ntui (3.92 against 2.72).
- Interactor
- FAWe3pest
- Outcome
- susceptible to FAWe3
- Direction
- more susceptiblee3
- Value
- 3.92e3
- Comparator
- Ntuie3
- Setting
- Foumbote3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e3“Foumbot was more susceptible to FAW (3.92) than Ntui (2.72)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gremec gave the highest gain yield on maize (2.93 t/ha).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e5“The highest gain yields (t/ha) were obtained with Gremec (2.93), tobacco (2.77) and neem (2.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco gave a gain yield of 2.77 t/ha on maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e5“The highest gain yields (t/ha) were obtained with Gremec (2.93), tobacco (2.77) and neem (2.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem gave a gain yield of 2.83 t/ha on maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e5“The highest gain yields (t/ha) were obtained with Gremec (2.93), tobacco (2.77) and neem (2.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco showed an insecticidal effect on FAW comparable to Gremec.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e6“Tobacco and neem showed an insecticidal effect comparable to that observed with Gremec”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem showed an insecticidal effect on FAW comparable to Gremec.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on maize”
e6“Tobacco and neem showed an insecticidal effect comparable to that observed with Gremec”
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