Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) of the genus Meloidogyne spp., are among the most economically important groups of plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide, causing significant economic losses through yield reduction across a wide range of crops. In Croatia, although the presence of Meloidogyne spp. has been documented for decades, data at the species level was limited. As accurate identification is crucial for implementation of effective management strategies, we attempted to fill this gap. This study presents the results of a national survey of RKNs affecting potato crops as well as an early warning programme targeting vegetable crops, conducted across Croatia between 2022 and 2024. Nematodes were identified using morphological analyses (female perineal patterns and second-stage juveniles) and molecular methods (PCR with group-specific and species-specific primers, as well as DNA sequencing). Meloidogyne spp. were detected in 61 out of 210 samples, corresponding to an infestation rate of 29%. Four species were identified: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. javanica. Notably, M. incognita and M. javanica are reported here for the first time in Croatia. These results provide updated insights into the distribution and identity of RKNs in Croatia, thereby establishing a foundation for the implementation of sustainable management strategies.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Meloidogyne occurred in 61 of 210 samples, an infestation rate of 29%.
- Taxon
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0 - Outcome
- infestation ratee0
- Value
- 29%e0
- Qualifier
- 61 out of 210 samplese0
- Setting
- Croatiae1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Meloidogyne spp. were detected in 61 out of 210 samples, corresponding to an infestation rate of 29%.”
e1“This study presents the results of a national survey of RKNs affecting potato crops as well as an early warning programme targeting vegetable crops, conducted across Croatia between 2022 and 2024.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita was identified and reported for the first time in Croatia.
- Taxon
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0
- Outcome
- identifiede0
- Qualifier
- for the first time in Croatiae0
- Setting
- Croatiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four species were identified: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. javanica. Notably, M. incognita and M. javanica are reported here for the first time in Croatia.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. hapla was identified.
- Taxon
- M. hapla
Meloidogyne haplae0 - Outcome
- identifiede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four species were identified: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. javanica.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. arenaria was identified.
- Taxon
- M. arenaria
.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne arenariae0 - Outcome
- identifiede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Four species were identified: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. javanica.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. javanica was identified and reported for the first time in Croatia.
- Taxon
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0
- Outcome
- identifiede0
- Qualifier
- for the first time in Croatiae0
- Setting
- Croatiae0
Verbatim
e0“Four species were identified: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. javanica. Notably, M. incognita and M. javanica are reported here for the first time in Croatia.”