Abstract
Soil fertility constraints for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production are often resolved using chemical fertilizers, but microbial inoculants can be used as a sustainable option/complement. Microbial inoculant formulation was tested on common bean in a randomized-complete-block-design field experiment with eight treatments and four replicates. The treatments included no input(control), chemical fertilizer(NPK), poultry manure(PM), Microbial inoculants(MI), NPK + PM, NPK + MI, PM + MI, and NPK + PM + MI. Microbial inoculant treatment had the highest fertilizer replacement value (proportion of chemical fertilizer that an alternative input can substitute) relative to poultry manure(41.6%) and chemical fertilizer(26.7%). The highest bean yield(3.46 tons ha-1) that was observed in the NPK + PM + MI treatment was significantly (P < 0.001) different from the microbial inoculant treatment(1.71 tons ha-1) and the control(1.42 tons ha-1). The highest 1000-grain weight (494 g) that occurred in NPK + PM + MI inoculant treatment was significantly (P < 0.05) different from the MI(457 g), NPK(448 g), PM(436 g), and control(421 g) treatments. Effective root nodules correlated positively (P < 0.05) with bean yield (r = 0.77) and 1000-grain weight (r = 0.90). Application of NPK + PM + MI had higher nodule number (9) and effectiveness than the control (2). Soil pH (6.6) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in NPK + PM + MI than MI + PM (6.5), control (5.5) and NPK (5.0). Soil nitrogen and available phosphorus increased significantly (P < 0.05) in NPK + PM + MI 0.25% and 8.68 mg/kg, respectively, than the control(0.13% and 6.31 mg/kg), while higher potassium(2.80 cmol/kg) occurred in NPK than control(1.70 cmol/kg). These findings highlight the potential to explore the ability of bio-inoculant to boost root nodulation, enhance soil macro-nutrients, and modulate soil pH in bean production systems.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculant had 41.6% fertilizer replacement value relative to poultry manure.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Microbial inoculant treatmente0
- Outcome
- fertilizer replacement valuee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.6%e0
- Comparator
- poultry manuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Microbial inoculant treatment had the highest fertilizer replacement value (proportion of chemical fertilizer that an alternative input can substitute) relative to poultry manure(41.6%)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculant had 26.7% fertilizer replacement value relative to chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- fertilizer replacement valuee1
- Value
- 26.7%e0
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative to poultry manure(41.6%) and chemical fertilizer(26.7%)”
t0“common bean”
e1“Microbial inoculant treatment had the highest fertilizer replacement value (proportion of chemical fertilizer that an alternative input can substitute) relative to poultry manure(41.6%)”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK, poultry manure, and microbial inoculant together produced 3.46 tons ha-1 bean yield, significantly above microbial inoculant alone.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- bean yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.46 tons ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.71 tons ha-1e0
- Comparator
- microbial inoculant treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest bean yield(3.46 tons ha-1) that was observed in the NPK + PM + MI treatment was significantly (P < 0.001) different from the microbial inoculant treatment(1.71 tons ha-1)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK, poultry manure, and microbial inoculant together yielded more beans than control.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- bean yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.46 tons ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.42 tons ha-1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest bean yield(3.46 tons ha-1) that was observed in the NPK + PM + MI treatment was significantly (P < 0.001) different from the microbial inoculant treatment(1.71 tons ha-1) and the control(1.42 tons ha-1)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined input had the highest 1000-grain weight, 494 g, above MI, NPK, PM, and control.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 494 ge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest 1000-grain weight (494 g) that occurred in NPK + PM + MI inoculant treatment was significantly (P < 0.05) different from the MI(457 g), NPK(448 g), PM(436 g), and control(421 g) treatments”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective root nodules correlated positively with bean yield, r = 0.77.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root nodulese0
- Outcome
- bean yielde0
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Value
- r = 0.77e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effective root nodules correlated positively (P < 0.05) with bean yield (r = 0.77)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective root nodules correlated positively with 1000-grain weight, r = 0.90.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root nodulese0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Value
- r = 0.90e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effective root nodules correlated positively (P < 0.05) with bean yield (r = 0.77) and 1000-grain weight (r = 0.90)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined inputs produced nine nodules versus two under control, with greater effectiveness.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 9e0
- Qualifier
- 2e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of NPK + PM + MI had higher nodule number (9) and effectiveness than the control (2)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined inputs raised soil pH to 6.6 relative to MI plus PM, control, and NPK.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- Soil pHe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6.6e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil pH (6.6) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in NPK + PM + MI than MI + PM (6.5), control (5.5) and NPK (5.0)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined inputs significantly increased soil nitrogen to 0.25% from 0.13% under control.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- Soil nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.25%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil nitrogen and available phosphorus increased significantly (P < 0.05) in NPK + PM + MI 0.25% and 8.68 mg/kg, respectively, than the control(0.13% and 6.31 mg/kg)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined inputs significantly increased available phosphorus to 8.68 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK + PM + MIe0
- Outcome
- available phosphoruse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.68 mg/kge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil nitrogen and available phosphorus increased significantly (P < 0.05) in NPK + PM + MI 0.25% and 8.68 mg/kg, respectively, than the control(0.13% and 6.31 mg/kg)”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK raised soil potassium to 2.80 cmol/kg versus 1.70 under control.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPKe0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.80 cmol/kge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher potassium(2.80 cmol/kg) occurred in NPK than control(1.70 cmol/kg)”
t0“common bean”
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