Abstract
Downy mildew on onion (Allium cepa L.) is of great economic importance because of its impact on yield and quality. Natural biostimulants such as propolis play a vital role in enhancing growth and productivity by activating physiological and biochemical processes in plants, increasing water and nutrient uptake, and enhancing productivity. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar spray treatments with nano-propolis and potassium silicate on onion growth, dry bulb yield, its components, and quality. Nano-propolis was applied at concentrations of 1 and 2 ml/L, potassium silicate 2 and 4 ml/L, both individually and in combination, and distilled water as a control treatment. The results showed that plants sprayed with different concentrations of nano-propolis or potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew; increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality; and higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein. The combined foliar application of 2 ml/L of nano-propolis + 4 ml/L of potassium silicate enhanced resistance to downy mildew and all measured parameters, including bulb weight, diameter and yield, compared to other treatments. In conclusion, foliar spraying of nano-propolis and potassium silicate is an eco-friendly and beneficial approach for sustainable crop production.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano-propolis increased onion resistance to downy mildew.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- nano-propolise0
- Outcome
- resistance to downy mildewe0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants sprayed with different concentrations of nano-propolis or potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium silicate increased onion resistance to downy mildew.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- resistance to downy mildewe0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants sprayed with different concentrations of nano-propolis or potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano-propolis increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- nano-propolise0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, yield and bulb qualitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nano-propolis or potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew; increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium silicate increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, yield and bulb qualitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew; increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano-propolis raised nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein levels.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- nano-propolise0
- Outcome
- levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and proteine0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nano-propolis or potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew; increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality; and higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium silicate raised nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein levels.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and proteine0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium silicate showed high resistance to downy mildew; increased vegetative growth, yield and bulb quality; and higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined 2 ml/L nano-propolis and 4 ml/L potassium silicate application enhanced downy mildew resistance versus other treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 2 ml/L of nano-propolis + 4 ml/L of potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- resistance to downy mildewe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined foliar application of 2 ml/L of nano-propolis + 4 ml/L of potassium silicate enhanced resistance to downy mildew and all measured parameters, including bulb weight, diameter and yield, compared to other treatments.”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined application enhanced bulb weight, diameter and yield versus other treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 2 ml/L of nano-propolis + 4 ml/L of potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- bulb weight, diameter and yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined foliar application of 2 ml/L of nano-propolis + 4 ml/L of potassium silicate enhanced resistance to downy mildew and all measured parameters, including bulb weight, diameter and yield, compared to other treatments.”
t0“onion ( Allium cepa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
silicate(4-) · quality: general · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium · quality: general · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →potassium · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
55 papers more in this group
See all 59 papers →potassium · quality: protein · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · disease · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nanoparticle · quality: protein · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nanoparticle · quality: general · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
potassium · disease · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.