Abstract
A native strain of Bacillus aryabhattai M2C was isolated from peanut root nodules and confirmed for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen under controlled laboratory conditions. To assess its agronomic potential, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the combined effects of bacterial inoculation and vermicompost on peanut growth, yield, and seed nutritional quality. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors: (i) bacterial inoculation (with or without B. aryabhattai M2C) and (ii) three vermicompost levels (0, 5.0, and 10.0 t ha −1 ), resulting in six treatment combinations with four replications each. Growth traits, fresh pod yield, and seed nutrient composition were systematically measured. Results showed that although interactions between bacterial inoculation and vermicompost application were not significant for fresh pod yield, inoculation with B. aryabhattai M2C alone increased yield by 7.43% compared with the uninoculated control. Vermicompost at 5.0 and 10.0 t ha −1 did not differ significantly from each other, but both outperformed the untreated control by 6.12% and 8.81%, respectively, while also improving vegetative growth, biomass accumulation, and seed nutritional quality. Despite the inconsistent interactions across all traits between strain M2C and vermicompost, the bacterial strain combined with vermicompost application contributed to yield improvements compared with the control treatments. The integration of strain M2C with 5.0 t ha −1 vermicompost appears to be the optimal strategy, reducing vermicompost input while sustaining yield gains. Overall, this integrated approach represents a sustainable and eco‐friendly alternative to chemical inputs, with strong potential to improve peanut productivity and support long‐term soil fertility management in agricultural ecosystems.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus aryabhattai M2C from peanut nodules fixed atmospheric nitrogen in the laboratory.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Interactor
- Bacillus aryabhattai M2CPriestia aryabhattaie0symbiont
- Outcome
- ability to fix atmospheric nitrogene0
- Setting
- controlled laboratory conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A native strain of Bacillus aryabhattai M2C was isolated from peanut root nodules and confirmed for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen under controlled laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation and vermicompost had no significant interaction for fresh pod yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculation and vermicompost applicatione0
- Interactor
- Bacillus aryabhattai M2CPriestia aryabhattait0symbiont
- Outcome
- fresh pod yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interactions between bacterial inoculation and vermicompost application were not significant for fresh pod yield”
t0“Bacillus aryabhattai M2C: Its Effects With Vermicompost on Yield and Nutrients of Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
B. aryabhattai M2C inoculation alone increased peanut yield by 7.43%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- inoculation with B. aryabhattai M2C alonee0
- Interactor
- B. aryabhattai M2CPriestia aryabhattaie0symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.43%e0
- Comparator
- the uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with B. aryabhattai M2C alone increased yield by 7.43% compared with the uninoculated control”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost at 5.0 and 10.0 t ha −1 did not significantly differ.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 5.0e0
- Outcome
- did not differ significantlye0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- 10.0 t ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost at 5.0 and 10.0 t ha −1 did not differ significantly from each other”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost at 5.0 t ha −1 increased yield 6.12% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Vermicompost at 5.0e0
- Outcome
- outperformede0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Value
- 6.12%e0
- Comparator
- the untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost at 5.0 and 10.0 t ha −1 did not differ significantly from each other, but both outperformed the untreated control by 6.12% and 8.81%, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost at 10.0 t ha −1 increased yield 8.81% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 10.0 t ha −1e0
- Outcome
- outperformede0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Value
- 8.81%e0
- Comparator
- the untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost at 5.0 and 10.0 t ha −1 did not differ significantly from each other, but both outperformed the untreated control by 6.12% and 8.81%, respectively”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost improved vegetative growth and biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Vermicompostt0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while also improving vegetative growth, biomass accumulation, and seed nutritional quality”
t0“Vermicompost on Yield and Nutrients of Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost improved seed nutritional quality.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Vermicompostt0
- Outcome
- seed nutritional qualitye0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while also improving vegetative growth, biomass accumulation, and seed nutritional quality”
t0“Vermicompost on Yield and Nutrients of Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Interactions between M2C and vermicompost varied across traits.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- interactions across all traitse0
- Qualifier
- inconsistente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inconsistent interactions across all traits between strain M2C and vermicompost”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining strain M2C with vermicompost improved yield over controls.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- the bacterial strain combined with vermicompost applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvementse0
- Comparator
- the control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the bacterial strain combined with vermicompost application contributed to yield improvements compared with the control treatments”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend strain M2C with 5.0 t ha −1 vermicompost to sustain yield with less input.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- integration of strain M2C with 5.0 t ha −1 vermicomposte0
- Qualifier
- reducing vermicompost input while sustaining yield gainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The integration of strain M2C with 5.0 t ha −1 vermicompost appears to be the optimal strategy, reducing vermicompost input while sustaining yield gains”
t0“Peanut”
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