Abstract
In indoor cultivation systems, light strongly influences plant growth and metabolism. This study investigated whether short-term light intensity and spectral composition alteration improve spinach yield quality before harvest. A fixed light spectrum (15% blue, 10% green, 75% red at 250 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹) was modified by increasing the blue, red, and far-red light proportions or by increasing light intensity. The changes in ascorbate, nitrate, mineral elements, primary and secondary metabolites were analysed. The spectral-dependent activation of photoreceptors and genes responsible for ascorbate and nitrate metabolism were also studied. Elevated light intensity and increased blue light induced the accumulation of ascorbate, proteins and anthocyanins in spinach leaves, while nitrate content decreased. This nitrate reduction was linked to the enzyme activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthase and the upregulation of nitrate reductase and nitrate transport genes; meanwhile, they showed a strong correlation with the expression of CRYPTOCHROME 1 and PHOTOTROPIN 2 . Blue light-triggered ascorbate accumulation was not associated with the expression of genes MIOX1 , GLDH and GULO6 related to de novo synthesis of ascorbic, but rather with activity and expression of the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) gene responsible for regeneration. Adequate changes in the lighting environment at the end of the cultivation period improved the leaf quality by boosting health-promoting compounds without substantially raising energy consumption.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated intensity and blue light increased ascorbate accumulation in spinach leaves.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae0 - Treatment
- Elevated light intensity and increased blue lighte0
- Outcome
- accumulation of ascorbatee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated light intensity and increased blue light induced the accumulation of ascorbate, proteins and anthocyanins in spinach leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated intensity and blue light increased protein and anthocyanin accumulation in spinach leaves.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- Elevated light intensity and increased blue lighte0
- Outcome
- proteins and anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated light intensity and increased blue light induced the accumulation of ascorbate, proteins and anthocyanins in spinach leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate content decreased under elevated light intensity and blue light.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- Elevated light intensity and increased blue lighte0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated light intensity and increased blue light induced the accumulation of ascorbate, proteins and anthocyanins in spinach leaves, while nitrate content decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reduction was linked to nitrate reductase and glutamine synthase activity.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“This nitrate reduction was linked to the enzyme activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthase”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reduction was linked to upregulation of nitrate reductase and nitrate transport genes.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“This nitrate reduction was linked to the enzyme activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthase and the upregulation of nitrate reductase and nitrate transport genes”
Claim · model-written summary
The nitrate responses strongly correlated with CRYPTOCHROME 1 and PHOTOTROPIN 2 expression.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“they showed a strong correlation with the expression of CRYPTOCHROME 1 and PHOTOTROPIN 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light driven ascorbate accumulation was not associated with MIOX1, GLDH and GULO6 expression.
- Treatment
- Blue lighte0
- Gene
- MIOX1 , GLDH and GULO6e0
- Outcome
- ascorbate accumulatione0
- Direction
- not associatede0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Blue light-triggered ascorbate accumulation was not associated with the expression of genes MIOX1 , GLDH and GULO6”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light driven ascorbate accumulation was associated with DHAR activity and expression.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“but rather with activity and expression of the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) gene responsible for regeneration”
Claim · model-written summary
Late cultivation lighting changes improved leaf quality by boosting health promoting compounds without substantial additional energy consumption.
- Treatment
- changes in the lighting environmente0
- Outcome
- leaf qualitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- without substantially raising energy consumptione0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Adequate changes in the lighting environment at the end of the cultivation period improved the leaf quality by boosting health-promoting compounds without substantially raising energy consumption”
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See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.