Abstract
<ns2:p>Worldwide heat stress has become a main issue in crop production and adverse effects of heat stress can be minimized with the exogenous application of stress alleviating compounds. The aim of this work was to find out a possible role of heat tolerance with the medium supplementation of a selected level of thiourea (0.25 mM) in reducing heat stress using five maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown in autumn and spring seasons. Heat stress (7–10ºC higher than ambient) was imposed by keeping the plants in open door plexiglass fitted canopies for 20 days. Heat stress reduced the shoot and root dry weigh while medium supplemental thiourea recuperated the heat stress effects. Among the physiological parameters there was a reduction in the leaf chlorophyll a, b carotenoids and chlorophyll/carotenoids ratio, while thiourea supply reduced the chlorophyll/ carotenoids ratio indicating a greater role of carotenoids in heat tolerance. Heat stress increased the degree of oxidative stress revealed from enhanced production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) more in the shoot than root while medium supplementation of thiourea nullified this tendency especially in the spring season. Thiourea caused an enhanced accumulation of free proline, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid as indicators of stress tolerance more in the spring than autumn season. Correlations established between shoot and root dry weight with respective metabolites revealed that under thiourea medium supplementation H2O2 and MDA were negatively while free protime, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid were positively correlated under heat stress. Results revealed that effectiveness of thiourea was much greater in spring than in winter season, while differences in the hybrids were well marked. Medium supplementation of thiourea appeared to improve the shoot physiological attributes by eliciting root to shoot signaling relating to enhanced carotenoids synthesis and reduced the oxidative damage.</ns2:p>
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced maize shoot and root dry weight.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress reduced the shoot and root dry weigh”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea supplementation recuperated heat stress effects on dry weight.
- Treatment
- medium supplemental thioureae0
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighe1
- Direction
- recuperatede0
- Comparator
- Heat stresse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“medium supplemental thiourea recuperated the heat stress effects”
e1“Heat stress reduced the shoot and root dry weigh”
e2“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and their ratio.
- Treatment
- Heat stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll a, b carotenoids and chlorophyll/carotenoids ratioe0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in the leaf chlorophyll a, b carotenoids and chlorophyll/carotenoids ratio”
e1“Heat stress reduced the shoot and root dry weigh”
e2“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea reduced the chlorophyll to carotenoid ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thiourea supply reduced the chlorophyll/ carotenoids ratio”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased shoot and root oxidative markers, more in shoots.
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- more in the shoot than roote0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress increased the degree of oxidative stress revealed from enhanced production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) more in the shoot than root”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea nullified the oxidative stress trend especially in spring.
- Treatment
- medium supplementation of thioureae0
- Outcome
- production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)e1
- Direction
- nullifiede0
- Qualifier
- spring seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“medium supplementation of thiourea nullified this tendency especially in the spring season”
e1“enhanced production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)”
e2“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea increased free proline, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid, more in spring.
- Treatment
- Thioureae0
- Outcome
- accumulation of free proline, anthocyanins and ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- more in the spring than autumn seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thiourea caused an enhanced accumulation of free proline, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid as indicators of stress tolerance more in the spring than autumn season”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat and thiourea, H2O2 and MDA correlated negatively with dry weight.
- Treatment
- thiourea medium supplementatione0
- Compound
- H2O2 and MDAe0
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighte1
- Direction
- negativelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under thiourea medium supplementation H2O2 and MDA were negatively while free protime, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid were positively correlated under heat stress”
e1“Correlations established between shoot and root dry weight with respective metabolites”
e2“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat and thiourea, proline, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid correlated positively with dry weight.
- Compound
- free protime, anthocyanins and ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighte1
- Direction
- positivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“free protime, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid were positively correlated under heat stress”
e1“Correlations established between shoot and root dry weight with respective metabolites”
e2“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea was more effective in spring than winter.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of thiourea was much greater in spring than in winter season”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid differences were marked.
- Outcome
- differences in the hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“differences in the hybrids were well marked”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
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heat · physiology: oxidative · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
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See all 23 papers →heat · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.