Abstract
Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley) is a fast-growing heliophile with high photosynthetic efficiency.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different light qualities on the growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf thickness and stomata status of tung tree saplings grown in an artificial chamber.The saplings were exposed to four light qualities with photosynthetic active irradiance at 100 molm -2 s -1 : white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a control (CK), red and blue (R: B=8: 2) LEDs (RB), red LEDs (R) and blue LEDs (B).The growth, chlorophyll content (Chl.), photosynthesis and physiological activity were quantified at 20 and 40 d after treatment (DAT).Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).Red light significantly decreased leaf number and seedling height by 12 and 15%, respectively (P<0.05), and caused leaf obvious sagging.Furthermore, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, SOD activity and POD activity with red light compared to CK were significantly increased by 27.49, 18.96, 337.40 and 203.11%, respectively.The promotion and inhibition of red and blue light were relatively slow in various aspects.We conclude that tung tree adapts to growing under blue light and suggest that blue light can ensure tung tree proper growth in greenhouse environments.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased stem length by approximately 7.32% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)
Vernicia fordiit0 - Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- stem lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.32e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased Chl. by approximately 60.17% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- Chl.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 60.17e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased net photosynthetic rate (P n ) by approximately 59.06% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate (P n )e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 59.06e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased stomatal conductance (g s ) by approximately 194.78% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance (g s )e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 194.78e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased transpiration rate (E) by approximately 129.37% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- transpiration rate (E)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 129.37e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) by approximately 35.42% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- photochemical quenching coefficient (qP)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.42e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light increased electron transfer rate (ETR) by approximately 56.39% versus control at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- blue lighte0
- Outcome
- electron transfer rate (ETR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 56.39%e0
- Qualifier
- 40 DATe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, at 40 DAT, stem length, Chl., net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer rate (ETR) of the saplings with blue light were significantly increased by approximately 7.32, 60.17, 59.06, 194.78, 129.37, 35.42 and 56.39%, respectively (P<0.05).”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light decreased leaf number by 12%.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- Red lighte0
- Outcome
- leaf numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 12e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Red light significantly decreased leaf number and seedling height by 12 and 15%, respectively (P<0.05), and caused leaf obvious sagging.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light decreased seedling height by 15%.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- Red lighte0
- Outcome
- seedling heighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 15%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Red light significantly decreased leaf number and seedling height by 12 and 15%, respectively (P<0.05), and caused leaf obvious sagging.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light caused obvious leaf sagging.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- Red lighte0
- Outcome
- leaf obvious sagginge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Red light significantly decreased leaf number and seedling height by 12 and 15%, respectively (P<0.05), and caused leaf obvious sagging.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased leaf thickness by 27.49% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Outcome
- leaf thicknesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27.49e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, SOD activity and POD activity with red light compared to CK were significantly increased by 27.49, 18.96, 337.40 and 203.11%, respectively.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased palisade cell length by 18.96% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Outcome
- palisade cell lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.96e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, SOD activity and POD activity with red light compared to CK were significantly increased by 27.49, 18.96, 337.40 and 203.11%, respectively.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased SOD activity by 337.40% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 337.40e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, SOD activity and POD activity with red light compared to CK were significantly increased by 27.49, 18.96, 337.40 and 203.11%, respectively.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased POD activity by 203.11% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Outcome
- POD activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 203.11%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, SOD activity and POD activity with red light compared to CK were significantly increased by 27.49, 18.96, 337.40 and 203.11%, respectively.”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest blue light for proper tung tree growth in greenhouses.
- Taxon
- Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)Vernicia fordiit0
- Outcome
- blue light can ensure tung tree proper growth in greenhouse environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggest that blue light can ensure tung tree proper growth in greenhouse environments”
t0“Tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsley)”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: photosynthesis · Vernicia fordii (tung oil tree)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.