Abstract
Abstract Purpose: Chitosan enhances tolerance to salinity in rice. Apoplastic flow plays a crucial role in the accumulation of sodium (Na + ) in rice under salinity. This study investigated the effects of exogenous chitosan on apoplastic flow and Na + uptake in NaCl-treated rice seedlings. Methods: We employed an apoplastic tracer, trisodium salt of 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS), in order to evaluate apoplastic flow in rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings that were hydroponically grown in the solution containing NaCl (0 and 25 mM), and chitosan (0 mg L − 1 , 10 mg L − 1 , and 50 mg L − 1 ). Results: Application of 25 mM NaCl significantly increased PTS uptake and Na + content in shoots but did not affect K + content, resulting in a lower K + /Na + ratio although 25 mM NaCl did not affect the seedling growth. The application of chitosan suppressed Na + -enhanced PTS uptake and Na + accumulation in shoots without affecting the K + content, which led to a higher K + /Na + ratio. Moreover, chitosan did not affect the reducing sugar content or electrical conductivity in the solution containing NaCl. Conclusions: These results suggest that application of chitosan suppressed Na + -enhanced apoplastic flow to reduce Na + uptake in rice seedlings.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl increased PTS uptake in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- Nipponbaree1
- Treatment
- 25 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- PTS uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 25 mM NaCl significantly increased PTS uptake”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl increased sodium content in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 25 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Na + content in shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 25 mM NaCl significantly increased PTS uptake and Na + content in shoots”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl did not affect potassium content in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- 25 mM NaCle1
- Outcome
- K + contente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not affect K + content”
e1“Application of 25 mM NaCl”
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl lowered the potassium to sodium ratio in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- 25 mM NaCle1
- Outcome
- K + /Na + ratioe0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in a lower K + /Na + ratio”
e1“Application of 25 mM NaCl”
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl did not affect rice seedling growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 25 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“25 mM NaCl did not affect the seedling growth”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan suppressed sodium enhanced PTS uptake in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- PTS uptakee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chitosan suppressed Na + -enhanced PTS uptake”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan suppressed sodium accumulation in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- Na + accumulation in shootse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chitosan suppressed Na + -enhanced PTS uptake and Na + accumulation in shoots”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan did not affect potassium content in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- chitosane1
- Outcome
- K + contente0
- Direction
- without affectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without affecting the K + content”
e1“The application of chitosan”
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan raised the potassium to sodium ratio in rice shoots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- chitosane1
- Outcome
- K + /Na + ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“led to a higher K + /Na + ratio”
e1“The application of chitosan”
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan did not affect reducing sugar content in NaCl solution.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- reducing sugar contente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chitosan did not affect the reducing sugar content or electrical conductivity in the solution containing NaCl”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan did not affect electrical conductivity in NaCl solution.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivitye0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chitosan did not affect the reducing sugar content or electrical conductivity in the solution containing NaCl”
e1“rice ( Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.