Abstract
Abstract Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) can inhibit plant diseases by topical application of double- (dsRNA) or single-stranded (sRNA) RNA molecules onto plants to silence virulence-related pathogen genes. However, the on-field application of SIGS is limited by the instability of naked RNA and low RNA uptake by pathogens. Nanoparticles have been used as RNA carriers to enhance RNA silencing. Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani ( R. solani ) is one of the most devastating fungal diseases in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we aimed to explore the protective effects of nanoparticle-delivered dsRNA against rice sheath blight. The key pathogenic genes, RsAGO1 and RsAGO2 , of R. solani were screened as targets for dsRNA. Chitosan (CS), polyethyleneimine (PEI), protamine, carbon quantum dot (CQD), polyamidoamine (PAMAM), and chitosan/SPc complex (CSC) were selected as dsRNA carriers. All the evaluated nanoparticles could assemble with dsRNA to form nanoparticle-dsRNA complexes, and CQD and CSC showed improved dsRNA load capacity. Particularly, CSC could enhance the stability of dsRNA and cause a 7% reduction in fluorescence intensity after nuclease treatment. CSC and CS effectively enhanced the efficiency of dsRNA uptake by pathogens. Furthermore, CSC could reduce pathogen infection and prolong the protection time of dsRNA by up to 20 days. Overall, this study provides a novel and efficacious SIGS-based strategy for producing RNA-based fungicides.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All evaluated nanoparticles assembled with dsRNA to form nanoparticle-dsRNA complexes.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- All the evaluated nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- nanoparticle-dsRNA complexese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e1“All the evaluated nanoparticles could assemble with dsRNA to form nanoparticle-dsRNA complexes”
Claim · model-written summary
CQD and CSC showed improved dsRNA load capacity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CQD and CSCe2
- Outcome
- dsRNA load capacitye2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“CQD and CSC showed improved dsRNA load capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
CSC enhanced the stability of dsRNA.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CSCe3
- Outcome
- stability of dsRNAe3
- Direction
- enhancee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e3“CSC could enhance the stability of dsRNA and cause a 7% reduction in fluorescence intensity after nuclease treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
After nuclease treatment, CSC-complexed dsRNA showed a 7% reduction in fluorescence intensity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- nuclease treatmente3
- Outcome
- fluorescence intensitye3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 7%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e3“CSC could enhance the stability of dsRNA and cause a 7% reduction in fluorescence intensity after nuclease treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
CSC and CS effectively enhanced the efficiency of dsRNA uptake by pathogens.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CSC and CSe4
- Interactor
- pathogense4pathogen
- Outcome
- efficiency of dsRNA uptake by pathogense4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“CSC and CS effectively enhanced the efficiency of dsRNA uptake by pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
CSC could reduce pathogen infection of rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CSCe5
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- pathogen infectione5
- Direction
- reducee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e5“Furthermore, CSC could reduce pathogen infection and prolong the protection time of dsRNA by up to 20 days”
Claim · model-written summary
CSC prolonged the protection time of dsRNA by up to 20 days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CSCe5
- Outcome
- protection time of dsRNAe5
- Direction
- prolonge5
- Value
- 20 dayse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e5“Furthermore, CSC could reduce pathogen infection and prolong the protection time of dsRNA by up to 20 days”
Claim · model-written summary
RsAGO1 and RsAGO2 were screened as key pathogenic genes of R. solani and targets for dsRNA.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie6pathogen
- Gene
- RsAGO1 and RsAGO2e6
- Outcome
- key pathogenic genese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e6“The key pathogenic genes, RsAGO1 and RsAGO2 , of R. solani were screened as targets for dsRNA”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.