Abstract
The cucumber downy mildew experiments were carried out in greenhouse of Dept. of Vegetable Crop Res., Agric. Res. Centre, under artificial inoculation and at two production plastic greenhouse (Gezerit El-Dahab Island and El-Dokki), Giza governorate during the growing spring season 2013 under natural infection, to evaluate the effect of tested plant extracts and resistance inducing chemicals (RICs) either individually or in mixtures, against the downy mildew incidence and severity. The efficiency of some plant extracts as a single treatment or combined with RICs chemicals on management of cucumber downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis, was evaluated in greenhouse experiments under artificial inoculation and production greenhouse conditions under natural infection. Greenhouse experiments revealed that application of the tested plant extract, i.e. thyme (T) and garlic cloves (G) as well as four resistance inducing chemicals (RICs), i.e., calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2-4H2O, potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4), potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity, meanwhile plant length and foliage fresh weight were increased compared with check treatments. However, plant extract combined with resistance inducing chemicals (RICs) application were more efficient in this concern than the tested RICs and/or plant extract as a single. Under production plastic greenhouse conditions, application of either (G+KNO3), (G+KH2PO4) (T+KNO3) followed by spraying of (G+K2HPO4) or {G+ Ca (NO3)2-4H2O} caused significant decrement in the disease severity with significant increment in the fruit yield when compared with check treatments.It has suggested that the combined treatment of garlic extract with potassium nitrate (KNO3) and potassium phosphate as (KH2PO4 or K2HPO4 at 75 mM) could be used commercially for controlling cucumber downy mildew disease under production greenhouse conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Thyme extract reduced cucumber downy mildew severity versus check treatments.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- thyme (T)e0
- Interactor
- Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensise1pathogen - Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the tested plant extract, i.e. thyme (T) and garlic cloves (G) as well as four resistance inducing chemicals (RICs), i.e., calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2-4H2O, potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4), potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
e1“caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic clove extract reduced cucumber downy mildew severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- garlic cloves (G)e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the tested plant extract, i.e. thyme (T) and garlic cloves (G) as well as four resistance inducing chemicals (RICs), i.e., calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2-4H2O, potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4), potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium nitrate reduced cucumber downy mildew severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2-4H2Oe0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2-4H2O, potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4), potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium dibasic phosphate reduced cucumber downy mildew severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4)e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium dibasic phosphate (K2HPO4), potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium monobasic phosphate reduced cucumber downy mildew severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4)e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium monobasic phosphate (KH2PO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium nitrate reduced cucumber downy mildew severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- potassium nitrate (KNO3)e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium nitrate (KNO3), significantly reduced the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested treatments increased cucumber plant length and fresh foliage weight.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- tested plant extracte1
- Outcome
- plant length and foliage fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- check treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant length and foliage fresh weight were increased compared with check treatments”
e1“application of the tested plant extract”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract and chemical combinations were more effective than either alone.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- plant extract combined with resistance inducing chemicals (RICs)e0
- Outcome
- more efficiente0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- tested RICs and/or plant extract as a singlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant extract combined with resistance inducing chemicals (RICs) application were more efficient in this concern than the tested RICs and/or plant extract as a single”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined greenhouse treatments significantly decreased disease severity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- (G+KNO3)e0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- decremente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of either (G+KNO3), (G+KH2PO4) (T+KNO3) followed by spraying of (G+K2HPO4) or {G+ Ca (NO3)2-4H2O} caused significant decrement in the disease severity”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined greenhouse treatments significantly increased cucumber fruit yield.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- (G+KNO3)e1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Comparator
- check treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“caused significant decrement in the disease severity with significant increment in the fruit yield when compared with check treatments”
e1“application of either (G+KNO3)”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend garlic extract with potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate for commercial greenhouse control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- combined treatment of garlic extract with potassium nitrate (KNO3) and potassium phosphate as (KH2PO4 or K2HPO4 at 75 mM)e0
- Outcome
- controlling cucumber downy mildew diseasee0
- Setting
- production greenhouse conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined treatment of garlic extract with potassium nitrate (KNO3) and potassium phosphate as (KH2PO4 or K2HPO4 at 75 mM) could be used commercially for controlling cucumber downy mildew disease under production greenhouse conditions”
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