Abstract
While pursuing high yields, China’s maize industry is facing a series of complex challenges that not only affect production efficiency but also relate to the sustainable development of the industry. Maize varieties with different nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) significantly influence yield. Therefore, investigating the response mechanisms of maize varieties with varying NUEs to nitrogen fertilization can provide theoretical foundations and technical support for achieving high and stable yields, as well as for the breeding of new varieties. Based on previous research findings, this experiment selected three maize varieties with different NUE levels. A field trial was conducted with eight nitrogen fertilization gradient levels to analyze their responses to varying nitrogen inputs, thereby further evaluating the performance of maize varieties with different nitrogen use efficiencies. The results indicated that increasing nitrogen application significantly enhanced maize yield; however, with continued nitrogen application, the yield exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease or stabilization. The highest yields for Jingpin 450 (JP450), Xianyu 335 (XY335), and Qiule 368 (QL368) were achieved under the N250, N300, and N250 treatments, respectively, reaching 8.9 t·ha−1, 9.2 t·ha−1, and 10.1 t·ha−1. Across all nitrogen treatments, QL368 > XY335 > JP450. Maize varieties with high nitrogen efficiency maintained higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period, thereby promoting the translocation of post-anthesis nitrogen to the grains, increasing grain nitrogen content at maturity, and ultimately improving yield. The dual-high-efficiency maize variety QL 368 (QiuLe 368) achieved high yields under both low- and high-nitrogen conditions, primarily due to its high pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation rate and substantial post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation. This enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains, improved nitrogen use efficiency, further strengthened the plant’s dry matter production capacity, and ultimately led to high yield and efficiency in maize production.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen application significantly enhanced maize yield.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that increasing nitrogen application significantly enhanced maize yield”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield followed a trend of initial increase and then decrease or stabilization with continued nitrogen application.
- Treatment
- continued nitrogen applicatione1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- initial increase followed by a decrease or stabilizatione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“with continued nitrogen application, the yield exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease or stabilization”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Jingpin 450 (JP450) reached its highest yield of 8.9 t/ha under N250.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The highest yields for Jingpin 450 (JP450), Xianyu 335 (XY335), and Qiule 368 (QL368) were achieved under the N250, N300, and N250 treatments, respectively, reaching 8.9 t·ha−1, 9.2 t·ha−1, and 10.1 t·ha−1”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Xianyu 335 (XY335) reached its highest yield of 9.2 t/ha under N300.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The highest yields for Jingpin 450 (JP450), Xianyu 335 (XY335), and Qiule 368 (QL368) were achieved under the N250, N300, and N250 treatments, respectively, reaching 8.9 t·ha−1, 9.2 t·ha−1, and 10.1 t·ha−1”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiule 368 (QL368) reached its highest yield of 10.1 t/ha under N250.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The highest yields for Jingpin 450 (JP450), Xianyu 335 (XY335), and Qiule 368 (QL368) were achieved under the N250, N300, and N250 treatments, respectively, reaching 8.9 t·ha−1, 9.2 t·ha−1, and 10.1 t·ha−1”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Across all nitrogen treatments, the yield ranking was QL368 > XY335 > JP450.
- Outcome
- QL368 > XY335 > JP450e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Across all nitrogen treatments, QL368 > XY335 > JP450”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
High-nitrogen-efficiency maize varieties had higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Maize varieties with high nitrogen efficiency maintained higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
High-nitrogen-efficiency maize varieties promoted translocation of post-anthesis nitrogen to the grains.
- Material
- high nitrogen efficiencye4
- Organ / stage
- grainse5
- Outcome
- translocation of post-anthesis nitrogen to the grainse5
- Direction
- promotinge5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Maize varieties with high nitrogen efficiency maintained higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period”
e5“thereby promoting the translocation of post-anthesis nitrogen to the grains”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
High-nitrogen-efficiency maize varieties increased grain nitrogen content at maturity.
- Material
- high nitrogen efficiencye4
- Organ / stage
- graine6
- Outcome
- grain nitrogen content at maturitye6
- Direction
- increasinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Maize varieties with high nitrogen efficiency maintained higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period”
e6“increasing grain nitrogen content at maturity”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
High-nitrogen-efficiency maize varieties ultimately improved yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Maize varieties with high nitrogen efficiency maintained higher post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation throughout the growth period”
e7“ultimately improving yield”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiule 368 (QL 368) achieved high yields under both low- and high-nitrogen conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dual-high-efficiency maize variety QL 368 (QiuLe 368) achieved high yields under both low- and high-nitrogen conditions”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Author interpretation: the high yield of QL 368 is primarily due to its high pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation rate and substantial post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation.
- Material
- QL 368 (QiuLe 368)e0
- Outcome
- high yieldse0
- Qualifier
- high pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation rate and substantial post-anthesis nitrogen accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dual-high-efficiency maize variety QL 368 (QiuLe 368) achieved high yields under both low- and high-nitrogen conditions”
e1“primarily due to its high pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation rate and substantial post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains improved nitrogen use efficiency in high-efficiency maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains, improved nitrogen use efficiency”
t0“Maize Varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains strengthened the dry matter production capacity of the plant.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains, improved nitrogen use efficiency”
e1“further strengthened the plant”
e2“dry matter production capacity”
t0“Maize Varieties”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1,905 papers in the same direction as this paper · 234 in the opposite direction · 45 reporting no difference from an alternative
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