Abstract
Tomato ripening is a complex process regulated by transcription factors, hormones, and physiological changes. While this intricate regulation ensures desirable traits such as color, texture, and flavor, it is often accompanied by rapid post-harvest deterioration and poor shelf life, leading to significant economic losses and limiting market potential. Various cell wall-modifying enzymes, including N-glycan-processing enzyme α-Mannosidase , play crucial roles in the softening and senescence of tomato fruits. Our study shows that α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9 results in fruits with enhanced firmness, longer shelf life, and improved moisture retention. Additionally, the expression of SlRIN (Ripening Inhibitor) , a key regulator of ripening and several downstream genes, including those involved in cell wall degradation, ethylene biosynthesis, and signaling, was downregulated. Interestingly, in the later stages of storage, they also exhibited higher accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species, along with better antioxidant capacity, compared to the control fruits, which may confer delayed softening and increased shelf life. Our findings highlight α-Mannosidase as a ripening-specific regulator and a promising genetic target for extending tomato shelf life, offering a sustainable strategy to minimize post-harvest losses without compromising plant development. • α-Mannosidase is expressed during ripening, suggesting a key role in fruit ripening. • It's knockout delays softening, enhances shelf-life, and preserves pericarp integrity. • It's knockout suppresses cell wall degradation and ethylene signaling, likely via SlRIN downregulation. • α-Mannosidase knockout increases ABA and reduces oxidative stress, potentially extending shelf-life.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
α-Mannosidase is expressed during ripening.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Gene
- α-Mannosidasee0
- Outcome
- expressed during ripeninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“α-Mannosidase is expressed during ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
α-Mannosidase knockout increased fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e0
- Gene
- α-Mannosidasee0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9 results in fruits with enhanced firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout extended fruit shelf life.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e0
- Outcome
- shelf lifee0
- Direction
- longere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9 results in fruits with enhanced firmness, longer shelf life”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout improved fruit moisture retention.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e0
- Outcome
- moisture retentione0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9 results in fruits with enhanced firmness, longer shelf life, and improved moisture retention”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout downregulated SlRIN expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- knockoute1
- Gene
- SlRINe0
- Outcome
- expression of SlRINe0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“the expression of SlRIN (Ripening Inhibitor) , a key regulator of ripening and several downstream genes, including those involved in cell wall degradation, ethylene biosynthesis, and signaling, was downregulated”
e1“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout downregulated downstream genes involved in cell wall degradation, ethylene biosynthesis and signaling.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e1
- Outcome
- several downstream genese0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“several downstream genes, including those involved in cell wall degradation, ethylene biosynthesis, and signaling, was downregulated”
e1“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout fruits accumulated more abscisic acid late in storage than controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e1
- Outcome
- accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- later stages of storagee0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“in the later stages of storage, they also exhibited higher accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species, along with better antioxidant capacity, compared to the control fruits”
e1“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout fruits accumulated less reactive oxygen species late in storage than controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e1
- Outcome
- accumulation of reactive oxygen speciese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- later stages of storagee0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“in the later stages of storage, they also exhibited higher accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species, along with better antioxidant capacity, compared to the control fruits”
e1“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout fruits had better antioxidant capacity late in storage than controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9e1
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- later stages of storagee0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“in the later stages of storage, they also exhibited higher accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species, along with better antioxidant capacity, compared to the control fruits”
e1“α-Mannosidase knockout through CRISPR/Cas9”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockout preserved pericarp integrity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- knockoute0
- Outcome
- pericarp integritye0
- Direction
- preservese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in tomato”
e0“It's knockout delays softening, enhances shelf-life, and preserves pericarp integrity”