Abstract
Abstract Industrial fiber hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) is an annual crop that requires minimal agricultural inputs and has a high potential to improve soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation in sandy soils, including soil fertility and yields. Hemp cultivation, due to rapid growth and high biomass production, in addition to its deep-seated and entrenched roots, has vast potential in carbon (C) sequestration and nitrogen (N) accumulation. The research aims to analyse industrial hemp species Santhica 27 feasibility for fiber cultivation and biomass production in water-scarce and nutrient-deficient sandy soils of Brandenburg. The impact of high (142 plants·m − 2 ) and low (71 plants·m − 2 ) planting densities on hemp´s morphological development and productivity, expressed as yields, is also assessed. The results showed that the dry condition with a water deficit of 168.9 mm during the growing period was the main factor significantly impeding hemp`s morphological development and fiber yields. Control treatments with the precipitation sum of 242 mm planted in a lower planting density had on average, significantly taller plants of 122 cm with greater total biomass yield of 3.74 t·ha − 1 dry weight compared to simulated water-scarce dry treatments, with the lowest plant height and total biomass of 69 cm and 1.91 t·ha − 1 , respectively, when planted in high density. Although the N content in the original sandy soil was below 1 g·kg − 1 , the dry environmental conditions had prompted N accumulation up to 35 N g·kg − 1 in hemp biomass, 18 N g·kg − 1 in lateral roots, and 13 N g·kg − 1 in tap roots. High calcium (Ca) content was found in hemp biomass and lateral roots, whereas potassium (K) content was greater in tap roots. The results suggest that a lower hemp planting density for hemp cultivation should be considered in a water-scarce and nutrient-deficient environment. Moreover, the elemental analysis showed that hemp parts contain considerable amounts of macronutrients, which could be of great importance to the sandy soil´s total nutrient-pool enrichment.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The dry condition with a water deficit of 168.9 mm during the growing period was the main factor significantly impeding hemp morphological development and fiber yields.
- Taxon
- hemp
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativae0 - Treatment
- dry condition with a water deficit of 168.9 mme0
- Outcome
- morphological development and fiber yieldse0
- Direction
- impedinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry condition with a water deficit of 168.9 mm during the growing period was the main factor significantly impeding hemp`s morphological development and fiber yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Control treatments with a precipitation sum of 242 mm at lower planting density had significantly taller hemp plants (122 cm on average) than simulated water-scarce dry treatments.
- Treatment
- precipitation sum of 242 mme0
- Outcome
- taller plantse0
- Direction
- tallere0
- Value
- 122 cme0
- Qualifier
- lower planting densitye0
- Comparator
- simulated water-scarce dry treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Control treatments with the precipitation sum of 242 mm planted in a lower planting density had on average, significantly taller plants of 122 cm with greater total biomass yield of 3.74 t·ha − 1 dry weight compared to simulated water-scarce dry treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Control treatments with a precipitation sum of 242 mm at lower planting density had greater total biomass yield (3.74 t/ha dry weight) than simulated water-scarce dry treatments.
- Treatment
- precipitation sum of 242 mme0
- Outcome
- total biomass yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 3.74 t·ha − 1 dry weighte0
- Qualifier
- lower planting densitye0
- Comparator
- simulated water-scarce dry treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Control treatments with the precipitation sum of 242 mm planted in a lower planting density had on average, significantly taller plants of 122 cm with greater total biomass yield of 3.74 t·ha − 1 dry weight compared to simulated water-scarce dry treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated water-scarce dry treatments planted in high density gave the lowest plant height (69 cm).
- Treatment
- simulated water-scarce dry treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 69 cme1
- Qualifier
- high densitye1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“simulated water-scarce dry treatments”
e1“with the lowest plant height and total biomass of 69 cm and 1.91 t·ha − 1 , respectively, when planted in high density”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated water-scarce dry treatments planted in high density gave the lowest total biomass (1.91 t/ha).
- Treatment
- simulated water-scarce dry treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total biomasse1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 1.91 t·ha − 1e1
- Qualifier
- high densitye1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“simulated water-scarce dry treatments”
e1“with the lowest plant height and total biomass of 69 cm and 1.91 t·ha − 1 , respectively, when planted in high density”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry conditions prompted nitrogen accumulation up to 35 N g/kg in hemp biomass despite low soil N.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Organ / stage
- hemp biomasse0
- Treatment
- dry environmental conditionse0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 35 N g·kg − 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry environmental conditions had prompted N accumulation up to 35 N g·kg − 1 in hemp biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry conditions prompted nitrogen accumulation of 18 N g/kg in hemp lateral roots.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Organ / stage
- lateral rootse0
- Treatment
- dry environmental conditionse0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 18 N g·kg − 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry environmental conditions had prompted N accumulation up to 35 N g·kg − 1 in hemp biomass, 18 N g·kg − 1 in lateral roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry conditions prompted nitrogen accumulation of 13 N g/kg in hemp tap roots.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Organ / stage
- tap rootse0
- Treatment
- dry environmental conditionse0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 13 N g·kg − 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry environmental conditions had prompted N accumulation up to 35 N g·kg − 1 in hemp biomass, 18 N g·kg − 1 in lateral roots, and 13 N g·kg − 1 in tap roots”
Claim · model-written summary
High calcium content was found in hemp biomass and lateral roots.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Organ / stage
- hemp biomass and lateral rootse0
- Outcome
- High calcium (Ca) contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High calcium (Ca) content was found in hemp biomass and lateral roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium content was greater in hemp tap roots.
- Taxon
- HempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- tap rootse0
- Outcome
- potassium (K) contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium (K) content was greater in tap roots”
t0“Industrial Hemp”
Claim · model-written summary
Elemental analysis showed that hemp parts contain considerable amounts of macronutrients.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Outcome
- considerable amounts of macronutrientse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the elemental analysis showed that hemp parts contain considerable amounts of macronutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
A lower hemp planting density should be considered for hemp cultivation in a water-scarce and nutrient-deficient environment.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Outcome
- lower hemp planting densitye0
- Setting
- water-scarce and nutrient-deficient environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a lower hemp planting density for hemp cultivation should be considered in a water-scarce and nutrient-deficient environment”