Abstract
Spring wheat is predominantly cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions, where drought stress severely limits its productivity. However, the physiological and metabolic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in spring wheat remain unclear. In this study, to explore drought tolerance mechanisms of spring wheat, we compared physiological and metabolomic responses of a drought-tolerant pure line BM14 and a widely grown variety NC4 to osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000. The results showed that BM14 exhibited stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4, maintaining higher relative water content, lower water loss, and more stable photosynthesis under osmotic stress. Under osmotic stress, BM14 displayed higher levels or activities of energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates), K + , SOD, and CAT. Particularly, under osmotic stress, leaf K + content of BM14 was much higher than that of NC4, suggesting that enhanced K + retention contributes to osmotic adjustment. Regarding non-enzymatic antioxidants, concentrations of many phenolic acids were increased by osmotic stress in the roots of BM14 but not in those of NC4, while the concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and B vitamins were significantly increased in BM14 leaves but not in NC4. Collectively, these findings indicated that regulation of K + homeostasis, energy metabolism, and organ-specific ROS scavenging is closely associated with osmotic stress tolerance in BM14. The identified physiological traits and metabolic signatures may provide potential indicators and candidate targets for the selection and improvement of drought-tolerant spring wheat genotypes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 had stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- osmotic stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 exhibited stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 maintained higher relative water content under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 exhibited stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4, maintaining higher relative water content”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 had lower water loss under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- water losse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 exhibited stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4, maintaining higher relative water content, lower water loss”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 maintained more stable photosynthesis under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- more stablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 exhibited stronger osmotic stress tolerance than NC4, maintaining higher relative water content, lower water loss, and more stable photosynthesis under osmotic stress”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 showed higher energy-related carbohydrate metabolites under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 displayed higher levels or activities of energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates), K + , SOD, and CAT”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 showed higher K + under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- K +e0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 displayed higher levels or activities of energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates), K + , SOD, and CAT”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 showed higher SOD activity under osmotic stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 displayed higher levels or activities of energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates), K + , SOD, and CAT”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 showed higher CAT activity under osmotic stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM14 displayed higher levels or activities of energy-related metabolites (carbohydrates), K + , SOD, and CAT”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BM14 leaf K + content was much higher than NC4 under stress.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Outcome
- leaf K + contente0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf K + content of BM14 was much higher than that of NC4”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress increased many root phenolic acids in BM14 but not NC4.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of many phenolic acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of many phenolic acids were increased by osmotic stress in the roots of BM14 but not in those of NC4”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress significantly increased flavonoids in BM14 leaves but not NC4.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse1
- Outcome
- concentrations of flavonoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and B vitamins were significantly increased in BM14 leaves but not in NC4”
e1“phenolic acids were increased by osmotic stress in the roots of BM14”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress significantly increased phenolic acids in BM14 leaves but not NC4.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse1
- Outcome
- phenolic acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and B vitamins were significantly increased in BM14 leaves but not in NC4”
e1“phenolic acids were increased by osmotic stress in the roots of BM14”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress significantly increased B vitamins in BM14 leaves but not NC4.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- BM14e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse1
- Outcome
- B vitaminse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- NC4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and B vitamins were significantly increased in BM14 leaves but not in NC4”
e1“phenolic acids were increased by osmotic stress in the roots of BM14”
t0“spring wheat”
The same questions in other papers
drought · quality: phytochemicals · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.