Abstract
The present experiment was carried out to study the influences of exogenously-applied nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as seed primers on growth and yield in relation with different physio-biochemical parameters, antioxidant activities, and osmolyte accumulation in wheat plants grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stress (60% field capacity) conditions. During soaking, the seeds were covered and kept in completely dark. Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC), while it increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2. However, seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated the deleterious effects of water stress on growth and yield by improving the Ψw, Ψs, Ψp, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation (GB and Pro), TSP, and the antioxidative defense mechanism. Furthermore, the application of NO and H2O2 as seed primers also reduced the accumulation of H2O2 and MDA contents. The effectiveness was treatment-specific and the combined application was also found to be effective. The results revealed that exogenous application of NO and H2O2 was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth and grain yield by regulating plant–water relations, the antioxidative defense mechanism, and accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced wheat growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- plant growth, grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced leaf pigments, phenolics and soluble protein in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced leaf water, turgor and osmotic potential in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced wheat leaf relative water content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content (LRWC)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased antioxidant enzyme activities and ascorbic acid accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2.”
e1“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased proline, glycine betaine and malondialdehyde accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2.”
e1“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased hydrogen peroxide accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- H2O2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2.”
e1“Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP seed priming mitigated drought effects on wheat growth and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed priming with SNPe0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated the deleterious effects of water stress on growth and yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 seed priming mitigated drought effects on wheat growth and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- H2O2e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated the deleterious effects of water stress on growth and yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined SNP and H2O2 seed priming mitigated drought effects on wheat growth and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed priming with SNP and H2O2e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated the deleterious effects of water stress on growth and yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming improved water potentials and photosynthetic pigments under water stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed priminge1
- Outcome
- Ψw, Ψs, Ψpe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by improving the Ψw, Ψs, Ψp, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation (GB and Pro), TSP, and the antioxidative defense mechanism.”
e1“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming improved photosynthetic pigments, osmolyte accumulation and soluble protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed priminge1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation (GB and Pro), TSPe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by improving the Ψw, Ψs, Ψp, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation (GB and Pro), TSP, and the antioxidative defense mechanism.”
e1“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming improved antioxidative defense in water-stressed wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed priminge1
- Outcome
- antioxidative defense mechanisme0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by improving the Ψw, Ψs, Ψp, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation (GB and Pro), TSP, and the antioxidative defense mechanism.”
e1“seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combination mitigated”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NO and H2O2 seed priming reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of NO and H2O2 as seed primerse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of H2O2 and MDA contentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of NO and H2O2 as seed primers also reduced the accumulation of H2O2 and MDA contents.”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 128 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.