Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) enhance plant defenses; however, their stage-specific effects in tritrophic systems remain underexplored. This study evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages, assessing impacts on the peach potato aphid ( Myzus persicae ) and its natural enemies, the parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis and predator Harmonia axyridis . SiNPs reduced aphid survival, fecundity, and population growth with stronger effects in early stages. Parasitism by A. gifuensis increased on 1 mM-treated plants at stages 1, 3, and 4. While olfactometer assays revealed no insect preference for treated plants, SiNPs reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced the emission of defensive volatiles (caryophyllene, longifolene, and phenol), providing a mechanistic basis for the observed aphid suppression and increased parasitoid activity. These findings demonstrate that SiNPs modulate plant defenses in a growth stage-dependent manner, highlighting their potential as a targeted tool in integrated pest management (IPM).
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
SiNPs reduced survival, fecundity and population growth of Myzus persicae on potato, with stronger effects at early stages.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Organ / stage
- early stagese2
- Treatment
- SiNPse2
- Interactor
- Myzus persicae
Myzus persicaee1pest - Outcome
- aphid survival, fecundity, and population growthe2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e1“the peach potato aphid ( Myzus persicae )”
e2“SiNPs reduced aphid survival, fecundity, and population growth with stronger effects in early stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitism by Aphidius gifuensis increased on potato plants treated with 1 mM SiNPs at stages 1, 3 and 4.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- stages 1, 3, and 4e3
- Treatment
- 1 mM-treated plantse3
- Interactor
- A. gifuensisAphidius gifuensise3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Parasitisme3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e3“Parasitism by A. gifuensis increased on 1 mM-treated plants at stages 1, 3, and 4”
e4“the parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Insects showed no preference between potato plants treated with SiNPs and untreated plants in olfactometer assays.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- insect preference for treated plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e5“olfactometer assays revealed no insect preference for treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SiNPs reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide in potato.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- SiNPse6
- Outcome
- leaf hydrogen peroxidee6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e6“SiNPs reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced the emission of defensive volatiles (caryophyllene, longifolene, and phenol)”
Claim · model-written summary
SiNPs enhanced the emission of defensive volatiles from potato plants.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- SiNPse6
- Outcome
- emission of defensive volatilese6
- Direction
- enhancede6
- Qualifier
- caryophyllene, longifolene, and phenole6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e6“SiNPs reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced the emission of defensive volatiles (caryophyllene, longifolene, and phenol)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced volatile emission are proposed as the mechanism behind aphid suppression on potato.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- aphid suppressione7
- Qualifier
- reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced the emission of defensive volatilese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated potato plants treated with SiNPs (0.25–1 mM) at four developmental stages”
e6“SiNPs reduced leaf hydrogen peroxide and enhanced the emission of defensive volatiles (caryophyllene, longifolene, and phenol)”
e7“providing a mechanistic basis for the observed aphid suppression and increased parasitoid activity”