Abstract
using alginate beads loaded with titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs) and chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs). Encapsulation altered nanoparticle properties, as confirmed by UV-vis absorption at 210-270 nm, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) cross-linking signals. ζ-Potential and particle size distribution measurements indicated aggregation tendency of TiNPs, uniform dispersion of ChNPs, and heterogeneous surface charge-size in composite beads. Nanoparticle beads were spherical (4.5-5.2 nm), while composite were ellipsoidal (4.76 nm). ChNPs beads exhibited superior hydration, mass stability, and 81% antifungal activity, whereas composite beads showed 64% inhibition. Complete disease control was achieved in maize plants treated with beads of either ChNPs or TiNPs + ChNPs, accompanied by significant improvement in the plant performance attributes, both outperforming chemical fungicides. This research highlights nanoparticle-based alginate beads as a scalable, eco-friendly biofungicidal solution for agriculture.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
ChNP beads had 81% antifungal activity.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ChNPs beads exhibited superior hydration, mass stability, and 81% antifungal activity, whereas composite beads showed 64% inhibition.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Composite beads had 64% inhibition.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ChNPs beads exhibited superior hydration, mass stability, and 81% antifungal activity, whereas composite beads showed 64% inhibition.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ChNPs beads achieved complete disease control in maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete disease control was achieved in maize plants treated with beads of either ChNPs or TiNPs + ChNPs, accompanied by significant improvement in the plant performance attributes, both outperforming chemical fungicides.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
TiNPs + ChNPs beads achieved complete disease control in maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete disease control was achieved in maize plants treated with beads of either ChNPs or TiNPs + ChNPs, accompanied by significant improvement in the plant performance attributes, both outperforming chemical fungicides.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ChNPs beads significantly improved maize performance attributes.
- Treatment
- ChNPse0
- Outcome
- plant performance attributese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- chemical fungicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete disease control was achieved in maize plants treated with beads of either ChNPs or TiNPs + ChNPs, accompanied by significant improvement in the plant performance attributes, both outperforming chemical fungicides.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
TiNPs + ChNPs beads significantly improved maize performance attributes.
- Treatment
- TiNPs + ChNPse0
- Outcome
- plant performance attributese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- chemical fungicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete disease control was achieved in maize plants treated with beads of either ChNPs or TiNPs + ChNPs, accompanied by significant improvement in the plant performance attributes, both outperforming chemical fungicides.”
t0“Maize”
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- negative
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- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.