Abstract
A lysimeter experiment was conducted in 2019 to investigate the impacts of foliar spraying of titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) on maize plant development, yield, and chemical characteristics.The effect of three concentrations of Ti (2, 4, and 8 ppm Ti) and nil as a control on the characteristics of maize in sandy soil was investigated using three replications in a complete randomized design.The growth of maize plants, yield and yield components, quality metrics, and nutrient uptakes like N, P, and K (%) have all been examined.As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants, a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %), chlorophyll (9.4%), W.100 grain (17.4%), fresh and dry weight of kernels plant -1 (7.5 and 21.3 %) and kernels and grains yield pronouncedly increased (4714.0-and3469.2-tonfed -1 ) with an improvement (10.2 and 14 %) correspondingly, whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti.Consistent with the findings, titanium is a helpful mineral for plants at low concentrations.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of 8 ppm Ti increased final plant length of maize by 11.7% relative to the N-P-K control in a lysimeter experiment.
- Treatment
- foliar spraying 8 ppm Tie2
- Outcome
- final plant lengthe1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Value
- 11.7 %e1
- Comparator
- control (N-P-K) without Tie3
- Setting
- lysimeter experimente4
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %)”
e2“As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants”
e3“whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti”
e4“A lysimeter experiment was conducted in 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of 8 ppm Ti increased chlorophyll of maize by 9.4% relative to the N-P-K control.
- Treatment
- foliar spraying 8 ppm Tie2
- Outcome
- chlorophylle1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Value
- 9.4%e1
- Comparator
- control (N-P-K) without Tie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %), chlorophyll (9.4%)”
e2“As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants”
e3“whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of 8 ppm Ti increased 100-grain weight of maize by 17.4% relative to the N-P-K control.
- Treatment
- foliar spraying 8 ppm Tie2
- Outcome
- W.100 graine1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Value
- 17.4%e1
- Comparator
- control (N-P-K) without Tie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %), chlorophyll (9.4%), W.100 grain (17.4%)”
e2“As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants”
e3“whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of 8 ppm Ti increased fresh weight of kernels per plant of maize by 7.5% relative to the N-P-K control.
- Treatment
- foliar spraying 8 ppm Tie2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of kernels plant -1e1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Value
- 7.5e1
- Comparator
- control (N-P-K) without Tie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %), chlorophyll (9.4%), W.100 grain (17.4%), fresh and dry weight of kernels plant -1 (7.5 and 21.3 %)”
e2“As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants”
e3“whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of 8 ppm Ti increased dry weight of kernels per plant of maize by 21.3% relative to the N-P-K control.
- Treatment
- foliar spraying 8 ppm Tie2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of kernels plant -1e1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Value
- 21.3 %e1
- Comparator
- control (N-P-K) without Tie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a significant enhancement was seen in the final plant length (11.7 %), chlorophyll (9.4%), W.100 grain (17.4%), fresh and dry weight of kernels plant -1 (7.5 and 21.3 %)”
e2“As a result of foliar spraying 8 ppm Ti in the application (N-P-K + Ti 8 ppm) onto leaves of maize plants”
e3“whenever compared its control (N-P-K) without Ti”
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