Abstract
This article presents the results of a study of the energy and protein value of perennial forage crops (Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.) cultivated on reclaimed lands in the central Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation. A zootechnical assessment of the efficiency of using the resulting forage in livestock diets was conducted. A three-year experiment revealed that, under favorable weather conditions, the green forage yield structure of the studied crops is characterized by the dominance of the first cutting, which accounts for an average of 85 to 90 % of the total yield. The contribution of the second cutting to overall productivity ranges from 9.91 % to 20.22 %. The dry matter content of freshly mown plants during this period ranged from 21.60 % to 24.83 %, crude protein from 12.44 % to 21.44 %, crude ash from 5.56 % to 7.43 %, and nitrogen-free extractive substances from 44.96 % to 51.50 %. It was established that hay from plants harvested in the budding-early flowering phase has high nutritional value, meeting first-class requirements, and has average nutritional value (0.56–0.59 feed units) and a low crude protein content (13.02–16.05 %). The energy value of finished hay from a mixture of red clover and timothy grass, as well as a mixture of eastern galega and silphium, was high — 9.01 and 9.21 MJ/kg of dry matter, respectively. Replacing a mixture of red clover and timothy grass hay with a mixture of eastern galega and silphium hay in the goats' diet increased protein digestibility by 14.04 % (83.99 % versus 82.95 %) and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 2.72 % (82.13 % versus 79.41 %). No significant difference was found.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The first cutting contributed an average 85 to 90% of green forage yield under favorable weather.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.
Galega orientalis_01.jpg?width=60)
Silphium perfoliatume1 - Outcome
- first cuttinge0
- Direction
- dominancee0
- Value
- 85 to 90 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_01.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the green forage yield structure of the studied crops is characterized by the dominance of the first cutting, which accounts for an average of 85 to 90 % of the total yield”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The second cutting contributed 9.91% to 20.22% of overall productivity.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- contribution of the second cutting to overall productivitye0
- Value
- 9.91 % to 20.22 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution of the second cutting to overall productivity ranges from 9.91 % to 20.22 %”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Freshly mown plants had dry matter content of 21.60% to 24.83%.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- dry matter contente0
- Value
- 21.60 % to 24.83 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry matter content of freshly mown plants during this period ranged from 21.60 % to 24.83 %”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Freshly mown plants had crude protein content of 12.44% to 21.44%.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- crude proteine0
- Value
- 12.44 % to 21.44 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude protein from 12.44 % to 21.44 %”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Freshly mown plants had crude ash content of 5.56% to 7.43%.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- crude ashe0
- Value
- 5.56 % to 7.43 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude ash from 5.56 % to 7.43 %”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Freshly mown plants had nitrogen-free extractive substances of 44.96% to 51.50%.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- nitrogen-free extractive substancese0
- Value
- 44.96 % to 51.50 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen-free extractive substances from 44.96 % to 51.50 %”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hay harvested at budding to early flowering met first-class requirements and contained 0.56–0.59 feed units.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Organ / stage
- budding-early flowering phasee0
- Outcome
- average nutritional valuee0
- Value
- 0.56–0.59 feed unitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hay from plants harvested in the budding-early flowering phase has high nutritional value, meeting first-class requirements, and has average nutritional value (0.56–0.59 feed units)”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hay harvested at budding to early flowering had crude protein content of 13.02–16.05%.
- Taxon
- Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.Galega orientalisSilphium perfoliatume1
- Outcome
- crude protein contente0
- Value
- 13.02–16.05 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a low crude protein content (13.02–16.05 %)”
e1“Galega orientalis Lam. and Silphium perfoliatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover and timothy hay had energy value of 9.01 MJ/kg dry matter.
- Taxon
- red clover and timothy grass
Phleum pratense
Trifolium pratensee0 - Outcome
- energy value of finished haye0
- Value
- 9.01e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“energy value of finished hay from a mixture of red clover and timothy grass, as well as a mixture of eastern galega and silphium, was high — 9.01 and 9.21 MJ/kg of dry matter, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Eastern galega and silphium hay had energy value of 9.21 MJ/kg dry matter.
Verbatim
e0“energy value of finished hay from a mixture of red clover and timothy grass, as well as a mixture of eastern galega and silphium, was high — 9.01 and 9.21 MJ/kg of dry matter, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Replacing red clover–timothy hay with eastern galega–silphium hay increased goat protein digestibility by 14.04%, though the difference was nonsignificant.
Verbatim
e0“Replacing a mixture of red clover and timothy grass hay with a mixture of eastern galega and silphium hay in the goats' diet increased protein digestibility by 14.04 % (83.99 % versus 82.95 %)”
e1“No significant difference was found”
Claim · model-written summary
Replacing red clover–timothy hay with eastern galega–silphium hay increased goat nitrogen-free extractive substance digestibility by 2.72%, though the difference was nonsignificant.
Verbatim
e0“Replacing a mixture of red clover and timothy grass hay with a mixture of eastern galega and silphium hay in the goats' diet increased protein digestibility by 14.04 % (83.99 % versus 82.95 %) and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 2.72 % (82.13 % versus 79.41 %)”
e1“No significant difference was found”